小型化四臂螺旋天线的设计与研究

发布时间：2018-05-07 12:01

本文选题：北斗卫星导航系统 + 四臂螺旋天线　；参考：《南京邮电大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：近年来,无线通信事业高速发展,因此,卫星导航定位系统在人类社会生产、生活中所起的作用便显得越来越重要。经过多年的研发研究,我国的北斗卫星导航系统正在保质保速地建设并已逐渐投入使用。除了在军事领域的使用外,北斗卫星导航系统在民用领域也得到了迅速的发展,特别是在汽车导航系统和便携式移动终端定位系统这两个方面。所以,对于卫星定位系统中的终端天线的研究具有重要的价值和意义,尤其是天线的多频化技术和小型化技术。适用于卫星终端天线的形式多种多样,在众多的天线形式中,四臂螺旋天线因为拥有较好的宽波束圆极化特性、较好的低仰角增益以及易于实现小型化等优点,非常适合用来作为卫星导航系统的终端天线。为了满足卫星导航系统的高集成度的要求,本文对四臂螺旋天线的小型化和多频化技术以及馈电网络的小型化、宽带化技术做了相应的研究。本文具体内容安排如下:首先,本文简述了北斗卫星定位系统的发展和研究现状;列举了几种常见的能够作为卫星终端天线使用的天线结构形式和其各自的特点,包括:四臂螺旋天线、微带天线等。总结了相关的文献,介绍了四臂螺旋天线的研究历史和发展现状,对四臂螺旋天线的基本结构和辐射机理做了详细介绍,为天线的设计提供了充足的理论依据。其次,基于对四臂螺旋天线的结构分析及理论研究,设计了一款传统的空气加载的四臂螺旋天线,对该天线的仿真、建模做了详细的说明,另外,对馈电网络的性能对四臂螺旋天线的圆极化性能的影响做了详细的仿真说明。然后,设计了一款空气加载的小型化印刷共形四臂螺旋天线,其工作频率为北斗2号B1频段(1561. 098MHZ),为了实现该天线的小型化,本文分别对天线螺旋臂和馈电网络进行了小型化设计,天线高度为40mm,螺旋直径为25. 65mm。最后,设计了一款基于双层馈电网络加载的小型化、双频化四臂螺旋天线,相比于一般的空气加载的四臂螺旋天线,本文所设计的天线整体尺寸非常小:高度仅为26. 27mm,螺旋直径为25. 65mm。文中给出了天线设计详细过程,分析了天线的结构变化对其双频特性及辐射特性的影响情况。
[Abstract]:In recent years, wireless communication has developed rapidly. Therefore, the role of satellite navigation and positioning system in human society is becoming more and more important. After years of research and development, the Beidou satellite navigation system in China is building and gradually being put into use. In addition to the use of military field, the Beidou guard The satellite navigation system has also developed rapidly in the civil field, especially in the two aspects of the vehicle navigation system and the portable mobile terminal positioning system. Therefore, the research on the terminal antenna in the satellite positioning system is of great value and significance, especially the multi frequency and miniaturization of the antenna. It is suitable for the satellite terminal. The form of end antenna is varied. In many forms of antenna, four arm spiral antenna has the advantages of good wide beam polarization, good low elevation gain and easy to realize miniaturization. It is very suitable to be used as terminal antenna of satellite navigation system. It is the requirement of high integration of satellite navigation system. In this paper, the miniaturization and multi frequency technology of the four arm spiral antenna, the miniaturization of the feed network and the broadband technology are studied. The specific contents of this paper are as follows: first, the development and research status of the Beidou satellite positioning system are briefly described, and several commonly seen antenna nodes that can be used as satellite terminal antennas are listed. The structure form and its respective characteristics include: four arm spiral antenna, microstrip antenna and so on. The related literature is summarized, the research history and development status of four arm spiral antenna are introduced. The basic structure and radiation mechanism of the four arm spiral antenna are introduced in detail, which provide the sufficient theoretical basis for the antenna design. Secondly, based on the four arms. The structure analysis and theoretical study of spiral antenna design a traditional air loaded four arm spiral antenna. The simulation and modeling of the antenna are explained in detail. In addition, the influence of the performance of the feed network on the circular polarization performance of the four arm spiral antenna is detailed. Then, a small air loading is designed. In order to realize the miniaturization of the antenna, the four arm spiral antenna with four arm spiral antennas is designed for miniaturization of the antenna spiral arm and feed network. The height of the antenna is 40mm and the diameter of the helix is 25. 65mm., and a small size feeding network based on the double layer feed network is designed. The dual frequency four arm spiral antenna is compared with the four arm spiral antenna with a general air load. The overall size of the antenna designed in this paper is very small: the height of the antenna is only 26. 27mm and the spiral diameter is 25. 65mm.. The detailed process of antenna design is given. The influence of the structure modification of the antenna on its dual frequency and radiation characteristics is analyzed.

【学位授予单位】：南京邮电大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN823.31

【参考文献】