基于无线通信的粮情测控物联网关键技术研究

发布时间：2018-05-17 03:38

本文选题：物联网 + 粮情测控　；参考：《河南工业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：物联网将生活中的机器、设备、甚至人员进行统一的管理,包含了环境感知、嵌入式计算、网络通信和网络控制等系统工程,它能够实现计算资源与物理资源的紧密结合与协调。物联网在智能家居、移动互联、环境监测、智能安防、物流管理等领域已经有了比较成熟的应用。将物联网应用于粮食储藏领域是一个新的挑战,我国粮仓储粮周期长,储粮管理工作信息化程度低,粮堆在长时间处于高能量、大体积、不稳定的状态下,局部易发生霉变、高温发热、低温结露、虫害等一系列问题,造成粮食品质下降,甚至质量损失。粮情监测技术通过大量传感器设备实时监测粮堆的温湿度、粮仓内温湿度、气体浓度等各类数据,将粮堆信息及时传递仓库管理工作人员,以便于储粮管理工作的开展,旨在做到减损降耗、保质安全、绿色健康、提质增效。然而我国现阶段的粮情监测工作仍然存在很多问题,例如智能化程度低、工程布线复杂、设备落后等。本文将物联网体系架构与粮情测控技术相结合,提出了一个灵活开放、低功耗、低成本的粮情测控物联网系统模型。主要进行了以下的研究工作:(1)分析研究了粮情测控技术的发展现状和存在的问题,结合我国储量管理工作的特点和具体需求,从功能角度给出了一个灵活开放的基于无线通信技术的粮情测控物联网系统模型。在这个粮情测控网络中主要包括三种无线数据传输节点:感知层无线数据采集节点、中继节点和物联网网关。本文给出了三种节点模块的功能设计,并基于这些模块进行了数据采集分析和上位机开发。(2)研究了基于无线通信的粮情测控物联网组网模型和节点功耗问题。系统的网络拓扑结构、MAC协议、路由协议等因素对系统的性能、功耗、生命周期都有较大的影响。基于粮情测控物联网系统的规模、应用场景、功耗要求等因素,我们提出了适合于粮情测控物联网的组网模型。实验表明,正常情况下,无线数据采集节点的能量供应能满足粮情监测工作的要求。
[Abstract]:The Internet of things unifies the management of machines, devices, and even people in life, including environmental awareness, embedded computing, network communication, network control, and so on. It can realize the close combination and coordination of computing resources and physical resources. Internet of things has been used in smart home, mobile interconnection, environment monitoring, intelligent security, logistics management and so on. It is a new challenge to apply the Internet of things in the field of grain storage. The storage period of grain storage in our country is long, the information level of grain storage management is low, the grain heap is in the condition of high energy, large volume and instability for a long time, the local mildew is easy to occur. A series of problems, such as high temperature fever, low temperature dew, insect pests and so on, lead to the decline of grain quality and even the loss of quality. In order to facilitate the development of grain storage management, the grain condition monitoring technology uses a large number of sensor equipment to real-time monitor the temperature and humidity of grain heaps, temperature and humidity in the granary, gas concentration and other kinds of data, so that the information of grain heaps can be transmitted to the warehouse management staff in time to facilitate the development of grain storage management. In order to reduce consumption, quality and safety, green health, quality and efficiency. However, there are still many problems in the current situation monitoring in China, such as low intelligence, complex wiring, backward equipment and so on. In this paper, a flexible, open, low power and low cost model of food condition measurement and control system is proposed by combining the Internet of things architecture with the technology of grain condition measurement and control. Mainly carried out the following research work: (1) analyzing and studying the present situation and existing problems of grain condition measurement and control technology, combining the characteristics and specific needs of reserve management work in China, From the point of view of function, a flexible and open food condition measurement and control system model based on wireless communication technology is presented. In this network, there are three kinds of wireless data transmission nodes: sensing layer wireless data acquisition node, relay node and Internet of things gateway. In this paper, the function design of three kinds of node modules is given, and based on these modules, data collection and analysis and host computer development are carried out. The network model and node power consumption of grain condition measurement and control network based on wireless communication are studied in this paper. The network topology, MAC protocol and routing protocol have great influence on the performance, power consumption and life cycle of the system. Based on the scale, application scenario, power requirement and other factors of the grain condition measurement and control of things system, we proposed a network model suitable for the grain condition measurement and control Internet of things. The experimental results show that the energy supply of wireless data acquisition nodes can meet the requirements of grain condition monitoring under normal conditions.
【学位授予单位】：河南工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S379;TN929.5;TP391.44

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