基于流量自适应机制的无线传感网MAC协议研究

发布时间：2018-05-23 23:01

本文选题：无线传感网 + MAC协议　；参考：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：无线传感器网络(Wireless Sensor Networks,WSNs)由区域内一组具有感知、计算和通信能力的传感节点构成,它通过节点上的传感器获取用户感兴趣的环境信息并通过相应处理后将数据汇集到汇聚节点,从而实现全面、有效的环境监测。WSN技术广泛地应用于国防军事、灾难预警、智能家居、空间探索、环境监测等领域,具有广阔的发展前景。在无线传感网络协议结构中,介质访问控制(Medium Access Control,MAC)层协议负责网络中节点的信道接入,具有确保无线传感网络高效通信的重要作用。根据不同的信道访问策略,MAC协议分为基于竞争的MAC协议、基于调度的MAC协议以及混合类MAC协议。通常来说,混合类MAC协议由于包含竞争和调度两种机制,因此能更有效地提高网络的整体性能。本文的主要研究工作如下:首先,对无线传感网络的基本构成进行概述,并对现有的MAC协议,特别是混合类MAC协议进行了深入研究和讨论。其次,竞争机制作为混合类MAC协议中的重要组成部分,本文对该机制中的退避窗口调节算法进行优化,并与采用传统退避机制的MAC协议进行仿真对比,结果表明改进后的协议能有效地改善吞吐量、时延和节点能耗。然后,本文基于I-MAC(Improved-MAC)协议,有针对性地对其中的时分多址(Time DivisionMultiple Access,TDMA)调度机制进行改进,对分层多跳网络的建立与维护、时钟同步、时隙分配等机制进行详细介绍,并与原I-MAC协议进行对比测试。最后,综合之前在竞争和调度机制中所做的工作,提出了一种新的混合类MAC协议,并与基于TDMA机制的协议进行性能对比测试,测试结果表明该混合类MAC协议与典型的MAC协议相比,在吞吐量、网络时延方面有较好的网络性能。
[Abstract]:Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is composed of a group of sensing, computing, and communication sensing nodes in the region. It obtains the user's interest of environment information through the sensor on the node and converge the data to the node through the corresponding processing, so as to realize the comprehensive and effective environmental monitoring.WSN technology. It is widely used in defense and military, disaster warning, smart home, space exploration, environmental monitoring and other fields, and has broad prospects for development. In the wireless sensor network protocol structure, media access control (Medium Access Control, MAC) layer protocol is responsible for the channel access of nodes in the network, and has the importance of ensuring high efficient communication of wireless sensor networks. According to different channel access strategies, MAC protocols are divided into competitive MAC protocol, scheduling based MAC protocol and hybrid MAC protocol. Generally speaking, the hybrid MAC protocol can improve the network integrity more effectively because of the two mechanisms including competition and scheduling. The main research work of this paper is as follows: first, to no The basic structure of the line sensing network is summarized, and the existing MAC protocol, especially the hybrid MAC protocol, is deeply studied and discussed. Secondly, the competition mechanism is an important part of the hybrid MAC protocol. This paper optimizes the backoff window adjustment algorithm in this mechanism, and the MAC protocol which adopts the traditional backoff mechanism. The simulation results show that the improved protocol can effectively improve the throughput, time delay and node energy consumption. Then, based on the I-MAC (Improved-MAC) protocol, this paper aims to improve the scheduling mechanism of time division multiple access (Time DivisionMultiple Access, TDMA), and the time synchronization and maintenance of the layered multi hop network. The gap allocation and other mechanisms are introduced in detail and compared with the original I-MAC protocol. Finally, a new hybrid MAC protocol is proposed before the integration of the competition and scheduling mechanism, and the performance comparison test is carried out with the protocol based on the TDMA mechanism. The test results show that the hybrid MAC protocol is with the typical MAC protocol. It has better network performance in terms of throughput and network delay.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN929.5;TP212.9

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