基于欧洲标准的车联网协议栈的设计与实现

发布时间：2019-04-02 15:30

【摘要】：现代社会的主要交通方式中,车辆是必不可少的部分。然而随着经济不断发展,车辆的数量也越来越多,交通也越来越拥堵,车祸发生的次数也越来越多。因此需要有效的措施来改善现在车辆交通的效率,同时也需要更好的方法来避免更多车祸的发生。因此车联网的自组织网络架构被提出并设计出来,该协议首先是美国提出相应的标准即WAVE1609,随后欧洲也提出了欧洲标准的车联网协议栈,本文即主要研究对象为欧洲标准的车联网协议栈。欧洲标准的车联网协议栈主要设计一个以车辆为主要站点的自组织网络结构,从而适应高度变化的网络拓扑结构。另外车辆之间通信需要极高的及时性,这样才能更快的掌握周围的车辆的情况,也能更快的发现事件从而采用相关的措施进行避免。对于车联网的相关产品,目前欧洲标准的车联网协议栈的实现在国内没有成熟的实现,也没有相关的产品,大多数都是停留在仿真。主要由于现阶段的协议本身不是很完善,还有许多地方只是提出了概念但是没有具体的协议规定,另外车辆网中可能还存在一些可以改进和提高的地方,如通信的速度和质量。本文的工作中主要如下:1.首先总体描述欧洲标准的车联网协议栈以及其中关键的协议栈的基本功能,再分别对协议栈中的关键协议层进行详细的描述和分析。然后讲解本文实现协议层的基本原理和方法,这也是本文的重点工作之一。2.在实现的基础上发现欧洲标准的车联网协议栈存在隐私保护的问题,其他第三方可以通过监听信道获取报文从而分析出对应车辆的行驶轨迹,基于上述问题本文分析了可能存在的隐私问题的攻击方法。3.本文首先针对原有的签名方式,提出利用群签名技术的来避免签名造成的隐私泄露问题,并提出交互方式,群的划分方法。然后在欧洲标准的车联网协议栈的安全层中增加了相应的原语。4.针对协议栈中的标识符,提出了一个动态的改变标识符的体系。基于车辆发起请求,路边节点进行调控,从而增加标识符更改的复杂度,使得更加难以追踪标识符更改前后的具体值,迷惑隐私保护的攻击者。
[Abstract]:Vehicles are an essential part of the main modes of transportation in modern society. However, with the development of economy, there are more and more vehicles, more and more traffic jams and more accidents. Therefore, effective measures are needed to improve the efficiency of vehicle traffic, as well as better methods to avoid more car accidents. Therefore, the self-organizing network architecture of vehicle networking was proposed and designed. The protocol was first put forward by the United States, that is, WAVE1609, and then Europe also proposed the European standard vehicle networking protocol stack. In this paper, the main research object is European standard vehicle networking protocol stack. The European standard vehicle networking protocol stack mainly designs a self-organized network structure with vehicle as the main station, so as to adapt to the highly variable network topology. In addition, communication between vehicles requires a very high timeliness, so that the situation of the surrounding vehicles can be grasped more quickly, and events can be detected more quickly so that the relevant measures can be taken to avoid them. For the related products of vehicle networking, the realization of European standard protocol stack is not mature in China, and there are no related products, most of them stay in simulation. Mainly because the current protocol itself is not perfect, there are still many places only put forward the concept but no specific protocol provisions, in addition, there may be some areas in the vehicle network that can be improved and improved, such as the speed and quality of communication. The main work in this paper is as follows: 1. Firstly, it describes the European standard vehicle networking protocol stack and the basic functions of the key protocol stack, and then describes and analyzes the key protocol layer of the protocol stack in detail. Then it explains the basic principles and methods of the implementation of the protocol layer in this paper, which is also the focus of this paper. 2. On the basis of the realization, it is found that the privacy protection exists in the European standard vehicle networking protocol stack. Other third parties can get the message through the listening channel to analyze the corresponding vehicle's driving path. Based on the above problems, this paper analyzes the attack methods of possible privacy problems. 3. In this paper, aiming at the original signature method, we propose to use group signature technology to avoid the privacy leakage caused by signature, and propose the interaction mode and the method of group division. The corresponding primitives are then added to the security layer of the European standard vehicle networking protocol stack. 4. Aiming at the identifier in the protocol stack, a dynamic change identifier system is proposed. Based on vehicle initiation request, roadside nodes adjust and control, thereby increasing the complexity of identifier change, making it more difficult to track the specific values before and after the change of identifier, and confuse the privacy protected attacker.
【学位授予单位】：电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN929.5;U495

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