面向5G的M2M通信中能效优先的无线资源管理的研究
发布时间：2019-04-24 03:15
【摘要】：当今越来越多的机器对机器(Machine to Machine,M2M)通信开始逐渐取代人对人通信(Human to Human,H2H)为主的通信方式。爆发式增长的机器类通信终端(Machine Type Communication Device,MTCD)加剧了昂贵的授权频谱资源的拥挤状况,因此探求非授权频段的使用是有效缓解频谱资源紧张的重要手段之一。另外,大量H2H与M2M共存的通信场景势必造成巨大能耗,为倡导绿色通信理念,优化网络的能量效率对可持续发展是非常有益的一项措施。本文针对部署于5GHz非授权频段的可接入两种网络的MTCD主要做了以下三方面的研究,包括非授权频段LTE-U(LTE in Unlicensed Spectrum)与Wi-Fi异系统共存的可行性研究,M2M通信场景中网络总能量效率最大化的无线资源分配的研究,以及适用于M2M通信场景中单个用户的非连续接收(Discontinuous Reception,DRX)节能机制的研究。主要内容及创新点如下:首先,对将LTE-U部署到5GHz非授权频段与Wi-Fi共存进行了简要说明,分别阐述两种无线通信技术之间的差异,并概述两种主要的异系统共存机制。用大量实际测试数据有效验证了 LTE-U相比于Wi-Fi技术的优势,充分说明了 LTE-U部署到非授权频段的优势。另外,对于异系统间共存机制,本文给出了在Duty Cycle方法下的实际测试数据。结果表明两系统在有效的共存机制下可以做到公平友好共存,且同站址的LTE-U与Wi-Fi分别与另外一 Wi-Fi共存时,异系统间共存的性能比Wi-Fi同系统共存的性能还要好。其次,由于LTE-U与Wi-Fi共存的5GHz非授权频段频谱资源丰富,十分适合部署终端数目众多的机器类通信设备,因此本文考虑将M2M通信部署至无线资源更为丰富且成本更低的非授权频段。因此本文在Duty Cycle的异系统间共存机制下,以最大化系统能量效率为目标,建立起合理的数学模型;另外结合M2M通信设备种类众多、QoS需求众多以及对时延不敏感等特点,以单个用户最大时延和最小速率作为限制条件,采用两层迭代算法求得合理的最优频率和功率分配方案,使得总体网络能量效率最优。最后,本文从终端节能的角度对单个MTCD的运行机制进行研究。针对MTCD接入网络的周期固定、对时延容忍度高的特点,将LTE中的DRX机制进行适当改进。通过设置多个DRX周期时长分组,从而最大限度适配多种类的MTCD。通过设置"返回标识"对MTCD进行分组;另外采用空闲态DRX机制最大程度降低设备能耗,使之在机器类通信场景中有更好的节能效果,最后通过Matlab仿真验证了理论研究的正确性。
[Abstract]:Nowadays, more and more machine-to-machine (Machine to Machine,M2M (machine-to-machine communication) is gradually replacing the human-to-human communication (Human to Human,H2H). Explosive growth of machine-like communication terminals (Machine Type Communication Device,MTCD) aggravates the congestion of expensive authorized spectrum resources, so exploring the use of non-authorized frequency bands is one of the important means to effectively alleviate the shortage of spectrum resources. In addition, a large number of communication scenarios where H2H and M2M co-exist are bound to cause huge energy consumption. In order to advocate the concept of green communication, optimizing the energy efficiency of the network is a very beneficial measure for sustainable development. In this paper, we focus on the following three aspects of the MTCD deployed in the 5GHz unauthorized frequency band, including the feasibility study of the coexistence of LTE-U (LTE in Unlicensed Spectrum) and Wi-Fi systems in the unauthorized frequency band. The research of wireless resource allocation for maximizing the total energy efficiency of the network in M2m communication scenario, and the research on the energy saving mechanism of discontinuous reception (Discontinuous Reception,DRX) suitable for individual users in M2m communication scenario. The main contents and innovations are as follows: firstly, the coexistence of LTE-U in 5GHz unauthorized frequency band and Wi-Fi is briefly described, the differences between the two wireless communication technologies are described, and the two main different systems coexistence mechanisms are summarized. The advantages of LTE-U over Wi-Fi technology are verified by a large amount of actual test data, and the advantages of LTE-U deployment to unauthorized frequency band are fully illustrated. In addition, for the co-existence mechanism between different systems, the actual test data under the Duty Cycle method is given in this paper. The results show that the two systems can coexist fairly and amicably under the effective co-existence mechanism, and when the co-located LTE-U and Wi-Fi coexist with another Wi-Fi respectively, the performance of the coexistence between different systems is better than that of Wi-Fi and the system. Secondly, due to the rich spectrum resources of the non-authorized frequency band of 5GHz, where LTE-U and Wi-Fi coexist, it is very suitable to deploy a large number of machine-like communication devices with a large number of terminals. Therefore, this paper considers the deployment of M2M communication to the unauthorized band with more abundant wireless resources and lower cost. Therefore, under the co-existence mechanism of different systems of Duty Cycle, a reasonable mathematical model is established in order to maximize the energy efficiency of the system. In addition, considering the characteristics of M2M communication equipment, such as many kinds of communication equipment, numerous requirements of QoS and insensitivity to delay, taking the maximum delay and minimum rate of a single user as constraints, a two-layer iterative algorithm is used to obtain a reasonable optimal frequency and power allocation scheme. The overall network energy efficiency is optimized. Finally, this paper studies the operation mechanism of a single MTCD from the perspective of terminal energy saving. In view of the fixed period of MTCD access network and the high tolerance of time delay, the DRX mechanism in LTE is improved appropriately. Maximize adaptation to multiple types of DRX by setting multiple MTCD. cycle length grouping The MTCD is grouped by setting the "return mark", and the free state DRX mechanism is used to reduce the equipment energy consumption to a maximum extent, so that it has a better energy saving effect in the machine communication scene. Finally, the correctness of the theoretical research is verified by Matlab simulation.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN929.5
本文编号：2464058
[Abstract]:Nowadays, more and more machine-to-machine (Machine to Machine,M2M (machine-to-machine communication) is gradually replacing the human-to-human communication (Human to Human,H2H). Explosive growth of machine-like communication terminals (Machine Type Communication Device,MTCD) aggravates the congestion of expensive authorized spectrum resources, so exploring the use of non-authorized frequency bands is one of the important means to effectively alleviate the shortage of spectrum resources. In addition, a large number of communication scenarios where H2H and M2M co-exist are bound to cause huge energy consumption. In order to advocate the concept of green communication, optimizing the energy efficiency of the network is a very beneficial measure for sustainable development. In this paper, we focus on the following three aspects of the MTCD deployed in the 5GHz unauthorized frequency band, including the feasibility study of the coexistence of LTE-U (LTE in Unlicensed Spectrum) and Wi-Fi systems in the unauthorized frequency band. The research of wireless resource allocation for maximizing the total energy efficiency of the network in M2m communication scenario, and the research on the energy saving mechanism of discontinuous reception (Discontinuous Reception,DRX) suitable for individual users in M2m communication scenario. The main contents and innovations are as follows: firstly, the coexistence of LTE-U in 5GHz unauthorized frequency band and Wi-Fi is briefly described, the differences between the two wireless communication technologies are described, and the two main different systems coexistence mechanisms are summarized. The advantages of LTE-U over Wi-Fi technology are verified by a large amount of actual test data, and the advantages of LTE-U deployment to unauthorized frequency band are fully illustrated. In addition, for the co-existence mechanism between different systems, the actual test data under the Duty Cycle method is given in this paper. The results show that the two systems can coexist fairly and amicably under the effective co-existence mechanism, and when the co-located LTE-U and Wi-Fi coexist with another Wi-Fi respectively, the performance of the coexistence between different systems is better than that of Wi-Fi and the system. Secondly, due to the rich spectrum resources of the non-authorized frequency band of 5GHz, where LTE-U and Wi-Fi coexist, it is very suitable to deploy a large number of machine-like communication devices with a large number of terminals. Therefore, this paper considers the deployment of M2M communication to the unauthorized band with more abundant wireless resources and lower cost. Therefore, under the co-existence mechanism of different systems of Duty Cycle, a reasonable mathematical model is established in order to maximize the energy efficiency of the system. In addition, considering the characteristics of M2M communication equipment, such as many kinds of communication equipment, numerous requirements of QoS and insensitivity to delay, taking the maximum delay and minimum rate of a single user as constraints, a two-layer iterative algorithm is used to obtain a reasonable optimal frequency and power allocation scheme. The overall network energy efficiency is optimized. Finally, this paper studies the operation mechanism of a single MTCD from the perspective of terminal energy saving. In view of the fixed period of MTCD access network and the high tolerance of time delay, the DRX mechanism in LTE is improved appropriately. Maximize adaptation to multiple types of DRX by setting multiple MTCD. cycle length grouping The MTCD is grouped by setting the "return mark", and the free state DRX mechanism is used to reduce the equipment energy consumption to a maximum extent, so that it has a better energy saving effect in the machine communication scene. Finally, the correctness of the theoretical research is verified by Matlab simulation.
【学位授予单位】：北京交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN929.5
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