量子点与微腔耦合系统的相关理论研究
发布时间：2019-05-17 09:29
【摘要】：量子力学诞生以来,量子信息技术迅速崛起,在今天取得了长足的发展。由于量子计算机拥有着独一无二的多量子态并行计算能力,经典的量子密钥加密方法受到了严峻的挑战。同时,因为量子通信在理论上是绝对安全的,所以越来越多的人开始关注量子通信。单光子源作为量子密钥分配中必不可少的资源,在量子通信中扮演着举足轻重的角色。单光子源在弱吸收测量和量子随机数产生器中也已取得广泛的应用。量子点具有半导体材料的优点,还具有类似原子简单的能级分立结构,并且易于制备和加工,因此比原子等粒子具有更广泛的用途,比如可以用来实现量子点激光器、量子通信中量子密钥分配所需要的单光子源等。但是,单纯研究量子点已经无法满足科研的需要,实验表明,量子点可与腔相结合,有利于提高系统间耦合强度,实验室中可使用量子点-微腔耦合模型去观察腔量子电动力学中的有趣现象。本文结合量子点-微腔的一些基础知识,背景理论等。应用量子主方程理论研究了量子点-微腔耦合系统的激射性质。分别探索了不同类型的微腔耦合系统(“好的系统”、“中等系统”)在外加泵浦场的作用下所表现出来的激射现象。分析比较了失谐大小及环境纯消相干对这两种微腔耦合系统的内部特性(光场分布、腔内光子数等)所产生的影响。数值仿真表明:对于“好的系统”,在失谐量不大的情况下,引入适当的纯消相干有利于提高耦合系统的激射性能;对于“中等系统”,由于失谐条件下光子在腔内集聚比较困难,因而很难达到激射,但是通过引入适量的纯消相干可以对腔内光场分布和光子数产生剧烈调制作用。该结果对于研究单量子点激光器,以及探索光与物质相互作用等方面具有指导作用。在强耦合量子点-微腔系统中,使用J-C阶梯模型进行仿真,倘若采用双脉冲激发,原则上通过控制激发功率大小与相位,可以到达Bloch球面的任一点。实现完全的Bloch球面,从而对系统实现完全的相干调控。最后本文还针对两种不同耦合系统模型(红、蓝失谐),引入声子项构建系统全面的量子主方程,通过数值仿真,研究了声子对红、蓝失量子点微腔系统荧光谱的调控作用,得出声子对红失谐、蓝失谐量子点-微腔系统调控强度不同。这些研究成果,对分辨谐振式量子点光谱和实现对量子点的自旋操纵提供了重要的理论支持。
[Abstract]:Since the birth of quantum mechanics, the rapid rise of quantum information technology has made great progress today. As the quantum computer has a unique multi-quantum state parallel computing capability, the classical quantum key encryption method has been severely challenged. At the same time, because quantum communication is absolutely safe in theory, more and more people start to focus on quantum communication. Single-photon source plays a very important role in quantum communication. Single-photon sources have also been widely used in weak absorption measurement and quantum random number generator. the quantum dots have the advantages of semiconductor materials, have the energy-level discrete structures with similar atoms, are easy to prepare and process, The quantum key distribution in the quantum communication requires a single-photon source and the like. The experimental results show that the quantum dots can be combined with the cavity to improve the coupling strength of the system, and the quantum dot-micro-cavity coupling model can be used in the laboratory to observe the interesting phenomena in the quantum electrodynamics of the cavity. In this paper, some basic knowledge, background theory, etc. of the quantum dot-micro-cavity are combined. The lasing properties of the quantum dot-microcavity coupling system are studied by using the quantum principal equation theory. The lasing phenomenon of different types of micro-cavity coupling systems ("a good system", "Medium system") under the effect of the applied pump field is explored, respectively. The internal characteristics (light field distribution, number of photons in the cavity, etc.) of the two kinds of micro-cavity coupling systems are analyzed and compared. The numerical simulation shows that, for the "a good system", in the case where the detuning amount is not large, it is difficult to introduce the appropriate pure decoherence to improve the lasing performance of the coupling system; for the "Medium system", because the photons in the cavity are relatively difficult to gather in the cavity under the detuning condition, it is difficult to achieve the lasing, But by introducing a proper amount of pure decoherence, the light field distribution and the number of photons in the cavity can be strongly modulated. The results can be used to study the single quantum dot laser and to explore the interaction of light and matter. In the strong-coupled quantum dot-micro-cavity system, the J-C ladder model is used for simulation. In case of double-pulse excitation, it is possible to reach any point of the Bloch spherical surface by controlling the magnitude and phase of the excitation power in principle. And the complete coherent regulation of the system is realized. In the end, two different coupling system models (red and blue detuning) are introduced, and a comprehensive quantum main equation of the acoustic subkey construction system is introduced, and by numerical simulation, the regulation and control effects of the phonon on the fluorescence spectrum of the micro-cavity system of the red and blue-lost quantum dots are studied, and the phonons are detuned to the red, The control intensity of the blue detuning quantum dot-micro-cavity system is different. The research results provide important theoretical support for resolving the resonance quantum dot spectrum and realizing the spin manipulation of the quantum dots.
【学位授予单位】：南京邮电大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN918;O413
本文编号：2478996
[Abstract]:Since the birth of quantum mechanics, the rapid rise of quantum information technology has made great progress today. As the quantum computer has a unique multi-quantum state parallel computing capability, the classical quantum key encryption method has been severely challenged. At the same time, because quantum communication is absolutely safe in theory, more and more people start to focus on quantum communication. Single-photon source plays a very important role in quantum communication. Single-photon sources have also been widely used in weak absorption measurement and quantum random number generator. the quantum dots have the advantages of semiconductor materials, have the energy-level discrete structures with similar atoms, are easy to prepare and process, The quantum key distribution in the quantum communication requires a single-photon source and the like. The experimental results show that the quantum dots can be combined with the cavity to improve the coupling strength of the system, and the quantum dot-micro-cavity coupling model can be used in the laboratory to observe the interesting phenomena in the quantum electrodynamics of the cavity. In this paper, some basic knowledge, background theory, etc. of the quantum dot-micro-cavity are combined. The lasing properties of the quantum dot-microcavity coupling system are studied by using the quantum principal equation theory. The lasing phenomenon of different types of micro-cavity coupling systems ("a good system", "Medium system") under the effect of the applied pump field is explored, respectively. The internal characteristics (light field distribution, number of photons in the cavity, etc.) of the two kinds of micro-cavity coupling systems are analyzed and compared. The numerical simulation shows that, for the "a good system", in the case where the detuning amount is not large, it is difficult to introduce the appropriate pure decoherence to improve the lasing performance of the coupling system; for the "Medium system", because the photons in the cavity are relatively difficult to gather in the cavity under the detuning condition, it is difficult to achieve the lasing, But by introducing a proper amount of pure decoherence, the light field distribution and the number of photons in the cavity can be strongly modulated. The results can be used to study the single quantum dot laser and to explore the interaction of light and matter. In the strong-coupled quantum dot-micro-cavity system, the J-C ladder model is used for simulation. In case of double-pulse excitation, it is possible to reach any point of the Bloch spherical surface by controlling the magnitude and phase of the excitation power in principle. And the complete coherent regulation of the system is realized. In the end, two different coupling system models (red and blue detuning) are introduced, and a comprehensive quantum main equation of the acoustic subkey construction system is introduced, and by numerical simulation, the regulation and control effects of the phonon on the fluorescence spectrum of the micro-cavity system of the red and blue-lost quantum dots are studied, and the phonons are detuned to the red, The control intensity of the blue detuning quantum dot-micro-cavity system is different. The research results provide important theoretical support for resolving the resonance quantum dot spectrum and realizing the spin manipulation of the quantum dots.
【学位授予单位】：南京邮电大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN918;O413
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