无线激光通信系统中光斑精确对准实验方案研究
发布时间：2019-06-05 09:43
【摘要】：无线激光通信是以激光束作为信息载体在空间直接进行信息双向传输的一种技术,又称为“自由空间激光通信”。在大气激光通信系统中,由于激光的光束窄、方向性强,要求发射机的场功率确实到达接收机的光检测器,给通信链路的建立和维持带来了困难,所以信号的精确对准显得尤为重要。捕获、对准与跟踪系统技术是用于建立和确保通信链路可靠连接的关键,对无线激光通信系统至关重要。本文主要工作如下:1、本文对捕获、对准与跟踪系统中光斑检测单元常用的三种光电探测器的性能进行了对比分析。研究了在不同光斑能量分布模型下四象限探测器的偏移量计算方法,推导了高斯椭圆模型及环形光斑模型下偏移量计算公式。2、对光束在光轴中的对准技术进行了分析,将破碎光斑建模为高斯椭圆光斑,分析了破碎光斑与高斯完整光斑的位置误差。针对同时存在方位偏移及俯仰误差的情况,提出了一种适用于捕获、对准与跟踪系统的光轴对准方法。解决了当光束存在漂移、入射光束与天线视轴不平行同时存在而四象限探测器无法分别探测的问题。3、利用STM32实现了以四象限探测器为光电转换器件的光斑精确检测对准系统,确定系统设计方案,包括光学器件、驱动电路、电源模块、数据传输接口以及终端软件设计等。搭建了系统实验平台,包括硬件结构平台以及软件环境平台。完成了光斑检测及自适应阈值对准实验;验证了本文方法可以有效检测入射光束的状态值,提高了检测的准确度;验证了本文方法具有实现简单、准确性高和数据处理复杂度低等优点。
[Abstract]:Wireless laser communication is a kind of technology which uses laser beam as information carrier to transmit information directly in space, also known as "free space laser communication". In the atmospheric laser communication system, because of the narrow beam and strong directivity of the laser beam, the field power of the transmitter is required to reach the photodetector of the receiver, which brings difficulties to the establishment and maintenance of the communication link. Therefore, the accurate alignment of the signal is particularly important. Acquisition, alignment and tracking system technology is the key to establish and ensure reliable connection of communication link, which is very important to wireless laser communication system. The main work of this paper is as follows: 1. The performance of three kinds of photodetector commonly used in spot detection unit in acquisition, alignment and tracking system is compared and analyzed in this paper. The offset calculation method of four quadrant detector under different spot energy distribution models is studied, and the formulas for calculating the offset under Gao Si elliptical model and annular spot model are derived. 2, the alignment technique of beam in optical axis is analyzed. The broken spot is modeled as Gao Si elliptical spot, and the position error between broken spot and Gao Si complete spot is analyzed. In view of the simultaneous azimuth offset and pitch error, an optical axis alignment method for acquisition, alignment and tracking systems is proposed. It solves the problem that when the beam drifts, the incident beam does not exist at the same time as the apparent axis of the antenna, and the four-quadrant detector can not detect it separately. 3, The spot accurate detection and alignment system with four quadrant detector as photoelectric conversion device is realized by STM32, and the design scheme of the system is determined, including optical device, driving circuit, power supply module, data transmission interface and terminal software design. The experimental platform of the system is built, including the hardware structure platform and the software environment platform. The experiments of spot detection and adaptive threshold alignment are completed, and it is verified that the proposed method can effectively detect the state value of the incident beam and improve the accuracy of the detection. It is verified that the method has the advantages of simple implementation, high accuracy and low complexity of data processing.
【学位授予单位】：西安理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN929.1
[Abstract]:Wireless laser communication is a kind of technology which uses laser beam as information carrier to transmit information directly in space, also known as "free space laser communication". In the atmospheric laser communication system, because of the narrow beam and strong directivity of the laser beam, the field power of the transmitter is required to reach the photodetector of the receiver, which brings difficulties to the establishment and maintenance of the communication link. Therefore, the accurate alignment of the signal is particularly important. Acquisition, alignment and tracking system technology is the key to establish and ensure reliable connection of communication link, which is very important to wireless laser communication system. The main work of this paper is as follows: 1. The performance of three kinds of photodetector commonly used in spot detection unit in acquisition, alignment and tracking system is compared and analyzed in this paper. The offset calculation method of four quadrant detector under different spot energy distribution models is studied, and the formulas for calculating the offset under Gao Si elliptical model and annular spot model are derived. 2, the alignment technique of beam in optical axis is analyzed. The broken spot is modeled as Gao Si elliptical spot, and the position error between broken spot and Gao Si complete spot is analyzed. In view of the simultaneous azimuth offset and pitch error, an optical axis alignment method for acquisition, alignment and tracking systems is proposed. It solves the problem that when the beam drifts, the incident beam does not exist at the same time as the apparent axis of the antenna, and the four-quadrant detector can not detect it separately. 3, The spot accurate detection and alignment system with four quadrant detector as photoelectric conversion device is realized by STM32, and the design scheme of the system is determined, including optical device, driving circuit, power supply module, data transmission interface and terminal software design. The experimental platform of the system is built, including the hardware structure platform and the software environment platform. The experiments of spot detection and adaptive threshold alignment are completed, and it is verified that the proposed method can effectively detect the state value of the incident beam and improve the accuracy of the detection. It is verified that the method has the advantages of simple implementation, high accuracy and low complexity of data processing.
【学位授予单位】：西安理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN929.1
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