便携式高性能热式风速仪开发

发布时间：2018-01-12 01:34

本文关键词：便携式高性能热式风速仪开发　出处：《南京航空航天大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：热式风速仪是一种测量流体速度的仪器。目前便携式热式风速仪一般采取恒温控制方式,存在测量范围小、测量速率低的问题,无法满足高速、连续测量的需求。本文研究一种基于恒压控制的便携式风速仪,以扩展其测量范围,提高其测量速率。在分析恒压式热式风速仪工作原理和动态特性等特点的基础上,提出一种基于恒压控制的便携式风速仪设计方案。所设计的风速仪能实现大范围风速的连续快速测量,同时能测量流体的温度,具有便携性,可以采用电池供电独立运行,具有显示和存储功能,具有与上位机之间的通信接口。基于所提出的便携式风速仪设计方案,开展了风速仪软硬件系统的详细设计。以ARM处理器为核心设计了便携式风速仪的硬件系统,重点阐述了恒压式风速仪控制电路、时间常数的原位测量电路、T型桥补偿电路、数据采集电路、增益控制电路和数据通信电路的设计方法。在软件设计方面,重点阐述了风速数据采集与处理、人机操作界面软件模块的设计方法。最后针对所设计的便携式风速仪开展了试验验证。首先搭建了可以产生稳定持续流场的风速仪校准系统。随后进行便携式风速仪标定试验,先确定偏置放大电路参数,再进行动态标定,试验便携式风速仪的测量范围,并得到输出电压与流场速度的对应关系。最后对试验数据进行拟合与误差分析。试验结果表明所设计的便携式热式风速仪测量范围可以达到300m/s,测量速率为50次/秒,测量误差小于3%。
[Abstract]:Thermal anemometer is a kind of instrument for measuring fluid velocity. At present, portable thermal anemometer generally adopts constant temperature control mode, which has the problems of small measuring range and low measuring rate, which can not meet the high speed. This paper studies a portable anemometer based on constant pressure control to extend its measurement range. Based on the analysis of the working principle and dynamic characteristics of the constant pressure thermal anemometer. A design scheme of portable anemometer based on constant pressure control is proposed. The designed anemometer can realize the continuous and rapid measurement of wind speed in a wide range and can measure the temperature of the fluid at the same time, which is portable. Battery power can be used to run independently, with display and storage functions, with a communication interface with the host computer. Based on the proposed portable anemometer design. The hardware system of portable anemometer is designed with ARM processor as the core. The control circuit of constant voltage anemometer and the in-situ measurement circuit of time constant are described. The design method of T bridge compensation circuit, data acquisition circuit, gain control circuit and data communication circuit. The design method of man-machine operation interface software module. Finally, the design of portable anemometer is tested. First, the calibration system of anemometer which can produce steady and continuous flow field is built. Then, the portable wind is carried out. Speedometer calibration test. The parameters of the bias amplifier circuit are determined first, and then the dynamic calibration is carried out to test the measuring range of the portable anemometer. The relationship between the output voltage and the velocity of the flow field is obtained. Finally, the experimental data are fitted and the error is analyzed. The experimental results show that the measuring range of the designed portable thermal anemometer can reach 300m / s. The measuring rate is 50 times / s, and the measuring error is less than 3.
【学位授予单位】：南京航空航天大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TH815

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