弯板式动态称重系统的仪表设计

发布时间：2018-02-28 04:47

本文关键词： 弯板式称重传感器仪表设计多线程小数据信号小波变换多分辨率分析　出处：《太原理工大学》2015年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着公路交通事业的飞速发展，传统动态汽车衡已经无法满足当前市场的需求。传统动态汽车衡主要存在以下问题：由于秤台的复杂机械结构，无法承受车辆的高速冲击，因此不适用于高速动态称重；秤台的复杂机械结构易造成传感器损坏和秤台变形沉降；秤台密封性不好导致积水、污泥会影响称重精度等。随着国内外动态称重技术水平的不断提高，为了解决这些问题，弯板式动态汽车衡应运而生。弯板式动态称重系统凭借其整体式秤台、密封性良好、施工简单、免维护等优点，可适用于车辆宽速度范围（0~200km/h）的动态称重。目前，该系统技术发展迅速且日趋成熟，已逐渐成为高速公路计重收费系统和公路超限检测系统的新兴解决方案。电子称重仪表作为弯板式动态汽车衡计算和控制的核心单元，其功能、性能直接决定动态称重系统的技术水平。本文针对系统的高速动态称重特点，提出了仪表设计方案。仪表设计方案包含硬件设计、软件设计及称重算法的设计，其设计思路及主要内容如下：第一，论述了弯板式动态汽车衡以及弯板式动态称重仪表的研究背景及意义，介绍了国内外相关领域研究状况、发展现状以及未来发展趋势，同时也详述了弯板式动态汽车衡在国内外的应用场合及范围。第二，论述了弯板式动态称重系统的组成结构，包含弯板式称重传感器、车辆分离装置及仪表。其中，重点介绍了弯板式称重传感器的工作原理。分析阐述了弯板式称重系统的工作原理及工作流程。第三，以分析弯板式动态称重仪表的设计要求为基础，对仪表的硬件进行了整体性设计和电气的模块化设计。详述了各个硬件模块的设计要求、设计过程以及设计结果。第四，，基于WIN32API使用多线程编程技术开发弯板式动态称重仪表的程序。详细论述了构成主程序的各个线程模块及其主要代码。第五，分析车辆的高速称重信号，针对小数据信号选择使用小波变换算法对称重数据进行数字信号处理。在MATLAB环境中使用小波变换工具箱对原始称重信号进行降噪处理分析，取得了很好的效果。最后使用现场实验数据验证了本方法的确对提高称重精度有一定的效果，具有现实应用意义。第六，总结弯板式动态称重系统仪表的设计过程，分析不足并展望未来。本文的主要创新点如下：第一，由于系统适用于车辆的高速动态称重，当车辆高速通过时仪表采集的称重信号是小数据信号。在数字信号处理方面，针对小数据信号分析处理，并结合现场实验数据，取得了较好的降噪滤波效果。第二，仪表的硬件设计使用工控机作为核心控制单元，在软件设计过程中，使用多线程技术进行编程，提高了仪表的运行效率及性能。本次设计的仪表的硬件以及软件的程序结构已应用于实际项目工程，在山西省多个县级公路预检站运行正常且性能稳定。对称重信号的小数据使用小波变换的称重算法能够有效地滤除噪声信号，车辆速度在0~50km/h范围内的实验结果误差可控制在4%以内。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of road transportation, the traditional dynamic automobile scale has been unable to meet the current needs of the market. The traditional dynamic automobile scale mainly has the following problems: due to the complex mechanical structure scale, high speed impact can not bear the vehicle, it is not suitable for high-speed dynamic weighing; complex mechanical structure scale caused by sensor damage and scale Taiwan settlement scale; good sealing lead to water, sludge will affect the weighing accuracy. With the dynamic weighing technology level unceasing enhancement, in order to solve these problems, a dynamic vehicle scale bending plate emerged. Bending plate dynamic weighing system with its integral scale, good sealing performance, simple construction, advantages no maintenance, can be applied to vehicle wide speed range (0~200km/h) of the dynamic weighing system. At present, the technology is developing rapidly and becoming more mature, has gradually become the expressway. Road weight charging system and a new solution for highway overrun detection system.
The calculation of electronic weighing instrument as bending plate of dynamic weighing and core unit, control its function and performance directly determines the level of technology of dynamic weighing system. The high speed dynamic weighing system according to the characteristics, puts forward the design scheme. The instrument instrument design scheme consists of hardware design, software design and the design of weighing algorithm, the design method and the main contents are as follows:
First, discusses the research background and the significance of dynamic weighing and bending plate bending plate dynamic weighing instrument, introduces the research status of related fields at home and abroad, the development status and future development trend, but also on the bending plate of dynamic weighing applications at home and abroad.
Second, the composition structure of the bending plate dynamic weighing system is discussed, including the bending plate weighing sensor, the vehicle separation device and the instrument. In particular, the working principle of the bending plate weighing sensor is introduced. The working principle and working process of the bending plate weighing system are analyzed and expounded.
Third, based on the analysis of the design requirements of the bending plate dynamic weighing instrument, the overall design of the instrument's hardware and the modular design of the electrical system were carried out. The design requirements, the design process and the design results of each hardware module were described in detail.
Fourth, based on WIN32API, we use multithread programming technology to develop the program of the bending plate dynamic weighing instrument. We discuss in detail the thread modules and main codes of the main program.
Fifth, analysis of high-speed vehicle weighing signal, according to the data signals using the wavelet transform algorithm of weighing data for digital signal processing. Noise reduction analysis of original weighing signal using the wavelet transform toolbox in the MATLAB environment, and achieved very good results. Finally, verify the method does have a certain effect on improving the weighing accuracy the use of experimental data has practical significance.
Sixth, summarize the design process of the dynamic weighing system instrument of curved plate type, analyze the shortage and look forward to the future.
The main innovations of this paper are as follows:
First, because the system is suitable for high-speed dynamic weighing of vehicles, when the vehicle speed signal by weighing instrument to collect the small data signals. In digital signal processing, signal processing for small data analysis, combined with experimental data, made a noise reduction filter effect is better.
Second, the hardware design of the instrument takes the industrial control computer as the core control unit. In the software design process, multi thread technology is used to program, which improves the operation efficiency and performance of the instrument.
The hardware design of this instrument and the program structure of software has been applied to the actual project, in a number of county roads in Shanxi Province in normal and stable operation of the station. The performance weighing algorithm using wavelet transform small data the weighing signal can remove the noise effectively, the experimental results of vehicle speed in the range of 0~50km/h error control in less than 4%.

【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TH715.1

【参考文献】