光电型数字日照计技术的研究

发布时间：2018-04-29 18:26

本文选题：光电二极管 + 日照时数　；参考：《长春理工大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：日照对于地球万物的生长有着极其重要的作用,地球从太阳接收到的入射辐射(日照)是推动地球上各种物理过程和生物过程的主要能量来源。地理位置是影响日照强度的一个重要原因,不同的地理位置在海拔、方向(坡向和坡度)等地形因素的影响下使太阳照射的面积和照射方向都存在差异,影响了接收太阳辐射的强度。在当今这个粮食和能源短缺的时代,监测不同地理位置的日照量,对于各个领域的应用(如农业、资源管理、太阳发电站建设、气象、土木工程和生态研究)都有重要的指导意义。目前气象部门在进行日照时数测量时使用的日照计,多数是暗筒式日照计,存在响应速度慢、测量精度低等缺陷。随着光电探测技术的发展,以及光电传感器在光电探测领域的广泛应用,本文研究了一种以光电二极管作为探测原件的光电型日照计。文中对太阳辐射测量原理、传感器安装结构、光电二极管光谱响应特性以及光电二极管放大电路进行了深入的研究,阐述了光电型日照计的工作原理,并对各个功能模块的硬件电路以及壳体结构进行了设计,对日照计样机的测量数据进行了分析。本光电型日照计包括光电转换电路、差分放大电路、滤波电路、A/D转换模块、数据存储模块、时钟模块和通信模块,微处理器为cyclone系列的EP1C3T144I7高性能芯片,外部壳体结构采用对称设计,很好的补偿了散射光对测量结果的影响。通过对校准后的光电型日照计测试结果的分析,该装置能够满足气象测量的各项性能指标,并且具有响应时间短、抗干扰能力强、测量精度高等优点。
[Abstract]:Sunshine plays an extremely important role in the growth of everything on earth. The incident radiation (sunlight) received by the earth from the sun is the main energy source to promote various physical and biological processes on the earth. Geographical location is one of the important factors that influence the intensity of sunlight. The area and direction of sun exposure are different under the influence of terrain factors such as altitude, direction of slope and slope. Affects the intensity of receiving solar radiation. In this era of food and energy shortages, monitoring the amount of sunlight in different geographical locations, applications in various fields (such as agriculture, resource management, solar power station construction, meteorology, Civil engineering and ecological research have important guiding significance. At present, most of the sunshine meters used by meteorological departments in the measurement of sunshine hours are dark tube type sunshine meters, which have some defects such as slow response speed and low measurement accuracy. With the development of photoelectric detection technology and the wide application of photoelectric sensor in the field of photoelectric detection, this paper studies a kind of photoelectric sunshine meter which uses photodiode as the detection original. In this paper, the principle of solar radiation measurement, the installation structure of sensor, the spectral response characteristics of photodiode and the amplifier circuit of photodiode are studied in depth. The hardware circuit and shell structure of each function module are designed, and the measuring data of the sunshine meter prototype are analyzed. The optoelectronic sunshine meter includes photoelectric conversion circuit, differential amplifier circuit, filter circuit A / D conversion module, data storage module, clock module and communication module. The microprocessor is a cyclone series EP1C3T144I7 high performance chip. The external shell structure is designed symmetrically, which compensates the influence of scattering light on the measurement results. Through the analysis of the measured results of the calibrated photoelectric sunshine meter, it is found that the device can meet the various performance indexes of meteorological measurement, and has the advantages of short response time, strong anti-interference ability and high measurement precision.
【学位授予单位】：长春理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TH765.22

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