空间干涉仪动镜运动系统设计技术研究

发布时间：2018-05-07 11:55

本文选题：干涉仪 + 动镜运动控制　；参考：《中国科学院研究生院(上海技术物理研究所)》2016年博士论文

【摘要】：动镜式空间干涉仪是一种重要的星载红外遥感仪器,可以从星上获得高灵敏度、高光谱分辨率及多通道的大气辐射光谱,反演出有关大气温度、湿度的垂直分布情况。动镜运动系统的在轨长期可靠运行,是实现干涉仪功能和性能指标的重要保障。然而空间干涉仪在轨面临特殊的工作环境,比如卫星发射冲击、微重力环境、空间粒子辐射等,因此对动镜运动系统提出了更高的要求。本文全面阐述了适应于空间应用的干涉仪动镜运动控制系统的技术指标确定、方案设计、关键技术、系统实现、以及性能测试结果。论文调研了国外典型空间干涉仪动镜运动系统的支承方式、动镜类型、驱动电机、参考光源、运动机构保护措施、控制电路方案以及测速/控速方式,总结出技术方案的共性,并介绍了干涉仪在轨应用面临的太空环境。详细分析了动镜运动的有效行程、速度均匀性、采样时基等对干涉仪性能的影响。通过调研和分析确定了动镜运动系统的主要技术指标和总体技术方案。分别探讨了方案中动镜机构的锁定和解锁、运动中心定位、基于FPGA的运动控制等关键技术。全面阐述了动镜机构锁定和解锁装置、运动执行机构、运动定位机构、位置测量模块、数字控制电路等的硬件实现方法,以及可调期望运动规律、运动中心定位、数字PID控制、故障诊断等软件实现方法。论文研究结果表明,本课题制定的动镜运动控制系统方案是可行的。动镜系统具有抗发射冲击保护、适应微重力环境、抗辐照等能力,并且运动中心定位精度可达1~2个参考激光半波长,匀速区速度波动RMS值小于0.3%,优于技术指标要求值。本课题研究结果为干涉仪的空间工程化应用奠定了良好的理论和技术基础。
[Abstract]:Dynamic mirror space interferometer is an important space-borne infrared remote sensing instrument, which can obtain high sensitivity, high spectral resolution and multi-channel atmospheric radiation spectrum from the satellite. The vertical distribution of temperature and humidity in the atmosphere can be reversed. The long-term reliable operation of moving mirror system is an important guarantee to realize the function and performance index of interferometer. However, the space interferometer is faced with special working environment in orbit, such as satellite launch impact, microgravity environment, space particle radiation and so on. Therefore, a higher requirement for moving mirror system is put forward. In this paper, the determination of technical index, scheme design, key technology, system implementation and performance test results of the motion control system of interferometer moving mirror for space applications are described. In this paper, the supporting mode, type of moving mirror, driving motor, reference light source, protection measures of motion mechanism, control circuit scheme and speed measurement / speed control mode of typical space interferometer are investigated, and the commonness of the technical scheme is summarized. The space environment for the application of interferometer in orbit is introduced. The effects of effective stroke, velocity uniformity and sampling time base on the performance of interferometer are analyzed in detail. Through investigation and analysis, the main technical indexes and the overall technical scheme of the moving mirror system are determined. The key technologies such as locking and unlocking motion center positioning and motion control based on FPGA in the scheme are discussed respectively. The hardware realization methods of locking and unlocking device, motion actuator, motion positioning mechanism, position measurement module, digital control circuit, etc., as well as the adjustable expected motion law, motion center location, digital PID control, etc. Fault diagnosis and other software implementation methods. The research results show that the scheme of motion control system is feasible. The moving mirror system has the ability of anti-firing impact protection, adapting to microgravity environment and anti-irradiation, and the accuracy of moving center location can reach 1 ~ 2 reference laser half-wavelength. The RMS value of velocity fluctuation in uniform velocity region is less than 0.3, which is better than the required value of technical index. The results of this paper lay a good theoretical and technical foundation for the space engineering application of interferometer.
【学位授予单位】：中国科学院研究生院(上海技术物理研究所)
【学位级别】：博士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TH744.3

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