动平衡测试系统的理论研究与仿真测试

发布时间：2018-05-12 03:13

本文选题：动平衡精度 + 影响系数法　；参考：《广东工业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：超精密加工在生产实践中占有极其重要的地位,而超精密机床的电主轴转动系统的平衡状况很大程度影响着产品的加工精度和质量。为了提高加工精度,减少转子动不平衡量,该论文以动平衡测试技术为研究重点,围绕动平衡测试中振动信号的提取、不平衡量的精确计算等关键问题,进行深入的理论研究及系统分析。通过对刚性转子的不平衡问题的理论分析,对于相关算法即对于影响系数法和基于DFT的振动不平衡量提取算法两者做了深入分析,设计了动平衡测试系统的总体方案,并进行了实验方案的可行性分析。从硬件设计角度,对转子振动量的精确提取及数模转换是设计研究的重点,其中涉及锁相环倍频技术、电荷放大技术、跟踪滤波技术等,需要解决不确定条件下的信号放大、A/D或D/A同步转换、信号跟踪滤波等问题,对初始信号严格处理后达到设计要求。从软体设计角度,系统以C8051F005芯片为核心。运用DFT算法对转子振动幅值和相位进行了快速计算,并运用数字滤波来保证数据精度。使用双面试重影响系数法对转子不平衡量进行求解,并通过串口通信将不平衡量信息发送给上位机进行显示及后续处理。根据实际情况,利用Proteus资源丰富、兼容性强、方便调试等突出特点,对测试系统的完整电路进行了运行仿真实验,实验结果表明电路运行正常,设计基本符合要求。综上所述,在了解和掌握国内外动平衡理论和测试系统的研制方法的基础上,论文开发设计了性价比高、结构简单、操作方便的动平衡测试系统。通过相关实验证明,所设计系统具有一定的可行性,进一步完善后将在实际应用具有很大价值。
[Abstract]:Ultra precision machining plays an extremely important role in the production practice, and the balance condition of the spindle rotation system of the ultra precision machine tool greatly affects the processing precision and quality of the product. In order to improve the machining precision and reduce the rotor dynamic unbalance, the paper takes the dynamic balance test technique as the research focus, around the dynamic balance test in the vibration test. Through the theoretical analysis of the unbalance problem of the rigid rotor, the related algorithms, namely the influence coefficient method and the DFT based vibration unbalance quantity extraction algorithm, are deeply analyzed, and the dynamic balance test system is designed. From the point of view of hardware design, the precision extraction and digital mode conversion of the rotor vibration quantity are the focus of the design research. It involves the phase-locked loop frequency doubling technology, the charge amplification technology, the tracking filtering technology and so on. It needs to solve the signal amplification under uncertain conditions, A/D or D/A synchronous conversion. On the basis of software design, the system uses the C8051F005 chip as the core. The DFT algorithm is used to calculate the amplitude and phase of the rotor vibration quickly, and the digital filtering is used to ensure the accuracy of the data. Through the serial communication, the unbalance information is sent to the upper computer for display and subsequent processing. According to the actual situation, the full circuit of the test system is run simulation experiments with the advantages of rich Proteus resources, strong compatibility and convenient debugging. The experimental results show that the circuit runs normally and the basic character is designed. In summary, on the basis of understanding and mastering the development methods of dynamic balance theory and testing system at home and abroad, the paper develops and designs a dynamic balance test system with high performance price ratio, simple structure and convenient operation. Through the related experiments, it has proved that the designed system is feasible and will be applied in practical application after further improvement. Great value.

【学位授予单位】：广东工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TH87

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