基于神经网络控制的激光多普勒风速仪转向伺服控制系统设计

发布时间：2018-05-18 10:28

本文选题：激光 + 多普勒效应　；参考：《河北工业大学》2015年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国风力资源丰富,利用风力进行发电是很有前景的行业,并且风也是影响工农业生产的主要环境因素之一,因此准确测量风速风向对于人类更好地研究和利用风能有积极的影响。激光多普勒风速仪是一种能够准确测量风速的仪器,它的风筒转向控制装置是关键子系统,其工作原理是根据风标及其相应的旋转编码器测量出风标随风转过的角度及时调整风筒的旋转角度,使风筒的筒口方向能够尽可能对着风源,这样进入风筒的风源足够多,从而可以保证在风筒里以激光为测量介质利用多普勒效应测量出的风速就是相对准确的数据。目前国内对于激光多普勒风速仪转向控制装置研究较少,有待进一步探索开发。本文主要研究分析了激光多普勒风速仪中存在的负载跟踪风标角度变化的问题,就这个问题提出并设计了激光多普勒风速仪转向伺服控制系统。文章主要研究内容分为以下几方面:(1)文章首先对转向伺服系统做了性能要求分析并针对分析结果提出了系统总体的设计方案;(2)对方案中涉及到的执行部件、驱动元件以及检测器件等做了详细地选型介绍;(3)建立转向伺服系统的数学模型并针对于常规PID控制方法应用在伺服电机中的不足之处,再结合神经网络自身所具有的突出的自学习能力、很好的鲁棒性和较强的容错能力等特点,提出了基于神经网络PID控制的激光多普勒风速仪转向伺服控制系统,并利用MATLAB软件分别对两种不同的控制方法进行仿真比较;(4)对转向伺服系统控制器软硬件结构做设计,利用PROTEL软件绘制控制器原理图和PCB文件,并进行实体板的加工与元件的焊接,运用C语言编写单片机应用程序及上位机控制程序。
[Abstract]:China is rich in wind power resources, and wind power generation is a promising industry, and wind is also one of the main environmental factors affecting industrial and agricultural production. Therefore, accurate measurement of wind speed and direction has a positive effect on the study and utilization of wind energy. Laser Doppler anemometer is an instrument that can accurately measure wind speed. Its working principle is to measure the angle of wind scale turning with the wind according to the wind scale and its corresponding rotary encoder to adjust the rotation angle of the air tube in time, so that the direction of the tube orifice can be directed against the air source as far as possible, so that there are enough air sources entering the air tube. Thus, the wind speed measured by using the Doppler effect in the wind tube using laser as the measuring medium is a relatively accurate data. At present, there is little research on the steering control device of laser Doppler anemometer in China, which needs further exploration and development. In this paper, the problem of angle change of load tracking wind scale in laser Doppler anemometer is analyzed, and the steering servo control system of laser Doppler anemometer is proposed and designed. The main research contents of this paper are as follows: (1) firstly, the performance requirements of steering servo system are analyzed, and the overall design scheme of the system is put forward. This paper introduces the mathematical model of steering servo system based on driving elements and detector parts in detail, and aims at the disadvantages of conventional PID control method applied in servo motor. Combined with the outstanding self-learning ability, good robustness and strong fault-tolerant ability of neural network, a steering servo control system of laser Doppler anemometer based on neural network PID control is proposed. The software and hardware structure of the steering servo system controller is designed by using MATLAB software. The schematic diagram of the controller and the PCB file are drawn by using the PROTEL software. The machining of solid board and the welding of components are carried out, and the application program of single chip computer and the control program of upper computer are compiled by C language.
【学位授予单位】：河北工业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TH744.5

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