宽线纹量具自动瞄准系统的研究

发布时间：2018-06-07 05:38

本文选题：80m标准装置 + 宽线纹量具　；参考：《中国计量学院》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：宽线纹量具是长度量值传递的重要工具,在我国每年都有大批量宽线纹量具需要进行示值误差校准。传统宽线纹量具的校准方式主要依靠人眼瞄线实现,需要校准人员配合完成,不仅工作量大,并且校准结果存在主观因素的影响。基于机器视觉实现宽线纹量具的自动化校准是宽线纹量具校准技术发展的主要方向,其中宽线纹量具的自动瞄准是该技术的核心。针对目前对大批量宽线纹量具的自动瞄准存在的定位不准、重复性较差的问题,本文的主要研究工作如下:首先,分析了宽线纹量具的特征及校准要求,研究探讨了宽线纹量具自动化校准的关键技术及要求,详细分析了数字图像处理技术在宽线纹量具自动化校准技术中的应用及其影响。其次,基于80m大长度标准装置,采用图像无线传输方式,搭建了宽线纹量具图像采集系统,并利用C#开发了软件操作系统,实现了无拖链、供电一体化的宽线纹量具的自动化校准。再者,分析探讨了宽线纹量具的图像噪声及线纹边缘特征,分别采用了差分式邻域极值中心线提取算法、基于最小二乘拟合取交点的中心线提取算法及基于Sobel算子邻域极值的中心线提取算法,以满足对不同类型的宽线纹量具线纹中心线提取。分析了像素标定系数与行程的关系,在同样的视场中,较大行程下计算得到的像素标定系数可靠性更高。针对三等标准金属线纹尺、标准钢卷尺、因瓦条码水准尺等做了校准实验,实验结果表明整套系统能够满足对宽线纹量具的自动化校准。最后,对系统的标准不确定度进行了评定。其中三等标准金属线纹尺的标准不确定度为u_c=0.86μm+1.5×10~(-6)L,扩展不确定度U=1.72μm+3.0×10~(-6)L,标准钢卷尺校准标准不确定度u_c=1.32μm+1.2×10~(-6)L,扩展不确定度U=2.64μm+2.3×10~(-6)L。
[Abstract]:The wide line grain measuring tool is an important tool for the transmission of the long measure value. Every year a large number of wide line grain gauges need to be calibrated for the indication value in our country. The calibration of traditional wide line stripe gauges is mainly realized by the human line of sight, which needs the cooperation of the calibration staff. It not only has a large workload, but also has the influence of subjective factors on the calibration results. The automatic calibration of wide line gauges based on machine vision is the main direction of the development of wide line gauges calibration technology, in which the automatic aiming of wide line grain gauges is the core of this technology. In view of the problems of inaccurate positioning and poor repeatability of automatic aiming for large quantities of wide line grain gauges, the main research work of this paper is as follows: firstly, the characteristics and calibration requirements of wide line grain gauges are analyzed. The key technologies and requirements of automatic calibration of wide line stripe gauges are discussed. The application and influence of digital image processing technology in automatic calibration technology of wide line grain gauges are analyzed in detail. Secondly, based on 80m large length standard device, the image acquisition system of wide line grain measuring device is built by using wireless image transmission mode, and the software operating system is developed by using C #. Automatic calibration of wide line gauges integrated with power supply. Furthermore, the image noise and the edge features of the wide line grain measuring tools are analyzed and discussed, and the differential neighborhood extremum centerline extraction algorithms are used respectively. The centerline extraction algorithm based on least squares fitting intersection point and the centerline extraction algorithm based on neighborhood extremum of Sobel operator can meet the requirements of different types of wide line measuring tools. The relationship between pixel calibration coefficient and stroke is analyzed. In the same field of view, the reliability of pixel calibration coefficient calculated with larger stroke is higher. The calibration experiments are carried out for the third class standard wire gauge, standard steel tape gauge and bar code leveler. The experimental results show that the whole system can meet the automatic calibration of wide line stripe gauges. Finally, the standard uncertainty of the system is evaluated. The standard uncertainty of the third class standard metal wire stripe is u_c=0.86 渭 m 1.5 脳 10 ~ (10) ~ (-6) L, the extended uncertainty is 1.72 渭 m, the calibration standard uncertainty is 1. 2 脳 10 ~ (-6) L, the standard uncertainty is 1. 2 脳 10 ~ (-6) L, and the extended uncertainty is U2.64 渭 m ~ (2.3 脳 10 ~ (-6) L ~ (-1).
【学位授予单位】：中国计量学院
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TH711;TP391.41

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