便携式质谱仪源内去溶剂化技术研究

发布时间：2018-06-14 23:22

本文选题：微型质谱 + 源内解离　；参考：《北京理工大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：质谱是一种广泛应用于同位素检测、生物大分子结构鉴定以及未知化合物定量分析的技术方法,尽管如此,质谱的发展仍然存在许多不足之处,如体积大、.功耗高和维护比较复杂等。所有这些都会给质谱应用带来许多不便之处,因此世界各国科学家研发出了不同种类的微型质谱仪,用以满足爆炸物检测、个人医疗和环境保护等领域的需求。小型化质谱仪体积小,功耗低,便于携带,且造价低,能够满足现场快速检测的要求,因此在航空航天、国家安全等方面得到了广泛的应用。然而,由于仪器结构的简化以及对尺寸和功耗的严格限制,质谱仪在小型化的同时将不可避免地造成仪器性能的下降。例如,在传统的实验室用大仪器中,多种技术被用来辅助电喷雾液滴的去溶剂化过程,有的通过加热进样毛细管来提高雾化液滴中溶剂的挥发速度,还有的使用加热同轴鞘流气来辅助喷针雾化。但是,由于仪器整机结构较为简单,这些方法并不适用于微型质谱。因此,本项研究提出了一种专门针对微型质谱仪的去溶剂化方法——源内去溶剂化技术。与源内碰撞诱导解离技术相似,源内去溶剂化技术也是通过电场加速带电粒子,并使其与惰性气体分子发生碰撞,动能转化为内能,导致带电粒子碎裂,所不同的是,去溶剂化过程碰撞能量较低,目的是为了打碎离子加合物和带电雾化液滴而并非是离子。该项技术能够有效地促进电喷雾离子源中液滴的去溶剂化,同时又可以提高谱图的信号强度和信噪比,因而可以使小型化质谱仪的灵敏度提升一倍。与实验室质谱仪常用的去溶剂化技术相比,源内去溶剂化方法更加经济节约,也更适合于小型化质谱仪。
[Abstract]:Mass spectrometry is widely used in isotope detection, biological macromolecular structure identification and quantitative analysis of unknown compounds. However, the development of mass spectrometry still has many shortcomings, such as large volume. High power consumption and complex maintenance. All of these will bring many inconvenience to the application of mass spectrometry, so scientists all over the world have developed different kinds of micro mass spectrometers to meet the needs of explosives detection, personal medical treatment and environmental protection. The miniaturized mass spectrometer is small in size, low in power consumption, easy to carry and low in cost, and can meet the requirements of rapid detection in the field, so it has been widely used in aerospace, national safety and so on. However, due to the simplification of the instrument structure and the strict restriction on the size and power consumption, the performance of the mass spectrometer will inevitably decrease while it is miniaturized. For example, in traditional laboratory instruments, a variety of techniques have been used to assist in the process of dissolvation of electrospray droplets, some of which increase the volatile rate of solvents in atomized droplets by heating the capillary tubes. Others use heating coaxial sheath air to assist spray-needle atomization. However, due to the simple structure of the instrument, these methods are not suitable for micro mass spectrometry. Therefore, an in-source desolvation method for micro mass spectrometers is proposed in this paper. Similar to the in-source collision-induced dissociation technique, the in-source desolvation technique also accelerates charged particles through an electric field and causes them to collide with the molecules of inert gases. The kinetic energy is converted into internal energy, which leads to the fragmentation of charged particles. The purpose of the desolvation process is to break ion adducts and charged atomizing droplets rather than ions. This technique can effectively promote the dissolvation of droplets in the electrospray ion source, at the same time, it can improve the signal intensity and signal-to-noise ratio of the spectrogram, so that the sensitivity of the miniaturized mass spectrometer can be doubled. Compared with the usual dissolvent technology used in laboratory mass spectrometer, the in-source desolvation method is more economical and more suitable for miniaturized mass spectrometers.
【学位授予单位】：北京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TH843

【相似文献】