捷联式航空重力仪温控系统优化设计

发布时间：2018-07-20 14:57

【摘要】：航空重力测量是一种以飞行器为载体,可以较高效地获取高精度重力信息的重力测量方法。在捷联式航空重力测量系统中所使用的敏感器件激光陀螺以及石英挠性加速度计具有较为明显的温度特性,为了保证系统精度就需要对重力仪的热特性进行研究以提高传感器的测量精度。本文基于国防科学技术大学自主研制的捷联式航空重力测量系统,对航空重力测量系统温度场、温度控制模型以及方法、温控下的传感器数据特性以及温控系统优化四个方面进行了研究与分析,主要研究工作归纳如下:1.针对航空重力仪的特点,分析了温度对于航空重力测量系统的影响。利用有限元仿真工具软件ANSYS,对系统进行热分析。根据外温控温度场仿真分析结果以及半导体器件特性,确定了外散热器选型以及外温控散热器整体保温设计。仿真计算了内温控系统的稳态以及瞬态温度场,确定了内温控系统测温点位置、在不同情况下的内外温控温度变化关系、内温控控制能力下限。2.基于热分析确定了内温控系统的两级温度控制方式,并且利用系统实际数据验证热分析的正确性。从结构上给出了内温控加热片优化布置方案以及外温控强化散热方案,并且利用仿真实验验证加热片优化方案的有效性。3.根据传热基本理论,建立了多级温度控制的传热模型,在定性分析基础上指出温控系统设计时应综合考虑系统热参数。对温控系统进行辨识,得到外温控系统传递函数模型以及各级设定温度为输入天向加速度计比力输出为输出的状态空间模型。给出PID控制器整定方法,并且研究了时滞系统控制算法。利用辨识结果,利用状态反馈的方法对系统进行了控制,抑制了温度变化对系统的影响。4.详细分析了航空重力系统温控系统的数据,验证了温控系统±0.02℃的控制精度。分析研究加入制冷器件后的外温控系统特性,数据表明其能够保证环境较大升温情况下温控系统精度。分析了精密温控下惯性器件的输出特性,研究表明在精密温控系统正常工作情况下,加速度计的输出存在较明显的随时间的漂移并且其重复性较好,可以利用补偿的方法消除这一漂移。
[Abstract]:Airborne gravimetry is a kind of gravimetric method which can obtain high precision gravity information efficiently with aircraft as carrier. The sensitive devices used in strapdown airborne gravimetry system laser gyroscope and quartz flexible accelerometer have obvious temperature characteristics. In order to ensure the accuracy of the system, it is necessary to study the thermal characteristics of the gravimeter in order to improve the measuring accuracy of the sensor. Based on the strapdown airborne gravity measurement system developed by the University of National Defense Science and Technology, the temperature field, temperature control model and method of the airborne gravity measurement system are studied in this paper. The characteristics of sensor data under temperature control and the optimization of temperature control system are studied and analyzed. The main research work is summarized as follows: 1. According to the characteristics of airborne gravimeter, the influence of temperature on airborne gravimetric system is analyzed. The finite element simulation software ANSYSis is used for thermal analysis of the system. According to the results of simulation and analysis of temperature field and the characteristics of semiconductor devices, the type selection of external radiator and the whole thermal insulation design of external temperature control radiator are determined. The steady-state and transient temperature fields of the internal temperature control system are simulated and calculated. The position of the temperature measuring point of the internal temperature control system is determined. The relationship between the internal and external temperature control temperature changes under different conditions and the lower limit of the internal temperature control capability are determined. Based on the thermal analysis, the two-stage temperature control mode of the internal temperature control system is determined, and the correctness of the thermal analysis is verified by the actual data of the system. The optimal layout scheme of the inner temperature control heating plate and the external temperature control strengthening heat dissipation scheme are given from the structure, and the effectiveness of the optimization scheme is verified by the simulation experiment. Based on the basic theory of heat transfer, the heat transfer model of multistage temperature control is established. On the basis of qualitative analysis, it is pointed out that the system thermal parameters should be considered comprehensively in the design of temperature control system. By identifying the temperature control system, the transfer function model of the external temperature control system and the state space model with the input temperature as the output of the specific force of the accelerometer are obtained. The tuning method of pid controller is presented, and the control algorithm of time-delay system is studied. Using the identification result and the method of state feedback, the system is controlled, and the influence of temperature change on the system is restrained. The data of temperature control system of airborne gravity system are analyzed in detail, and the control accuracy of temperature control system 卤0.02 鈩，

本文编号：2133901