便携式肝储备功能分析仪的研制

发布时间：2019-01-08 14:32

【摘要】：肝脏是人体的解毒器官，同时在人体新陈代谢中还担负着消化、分泌、去氧化等功能。肝脏作为人体重要的生理器官，一旦发生病变，严重影响人体正常的生理活动，甚至危及生命。近年来，中国肝脏疾病占全球肝病患者的比例逐年提高，至2014年底，肝癌患者占全球肝癌患者比例达到55%。由于受医疗资源分配不均的影响，我国成为了全球肝癌病死率最高的国家之一。肝脏疾病的发生，直接体现在肝脏组织细胞被破坏，肝脏储备功能衰弱；肝储备功能作为肝病临床检查的重要生理参数，同时也是术前、术后肝脏恢复的重要测量指标。因此，如何有效的评定肝脏储备功能对于肝脏疾病的早期诊断和治疗具有重要的意义。目前医学上对于肝储备功能的评估采用的是吲哚氰绿指示剂（ICG）稀释原理的光学比色分析法，该方法需要多次采血，耗时长，给患者带来了较大的精神压力，且容易造成二次感染，影响患者身体恢复。在此基础上，为了给一些病情严重，行动不便的患者提供一种无创自动肝储备功能检测方法，提出了一种便携式肝储备功能分析仪的研究课题。本课题在脉搏色素谱稀释原理的基础上，研制了一种可便携的肝储备功能分析仪，缩小了检测设备的体积、实现了便携式使用，克服了传统检测仪器的缺点和不足。论文主要从以下三个方面进行阐述： 1．研究了朗伯-比尔定律和脉搏色素谱稀释法的基本原理，将其应用于人体，建立等效模型，并以人体指端作为测量部位，经过一系列的推导分析，建立了肝储备功能测量理论的数学模型。 2．将测量理论模型与An droid系统相结合，搭建了基于An droid系统平台的无创肝储备测量系统，利用An droid系统强大的处理能力，，实现了便携式肝储备功能数据处理，临床肝储备功能评估。系统包括硬件、软件两方面，硬件部分主要完成：光电容积脉搏波信号拾取、信号调理、A/D转换，最后由微控制器通过外围模块的蓝牙串口传至An droid操作平台进行分析处理及肝储备功能评估。 3.将研制的样机与无创肝功能分析仪进行实验结果对比，证明了其对肝储备功能分析的准确性、可靠性。
[Abstract]:Liver is the detoxification organ of human body, and it is also responsible for digestion, secretion, deoxidation and other functions in human metabolism. As an important physiological organ of human body, liver has serious influence on normal physiological activities and even endangers life once pathological changes occur. In recent years, the proportion of liver diseases in China has increased year by year. By the end of 2014, the proportion of liver cancer patients in the world has reached 55. Due to the uneven distribution of medical resources, China has become one of the countries with the highest mortality of liver cancer in the world. The occurrence of liver disease is directly reflected in the destruction of liver tissue cells and the debilitating function of liver reserve, which is an important physiological parameter for clinical examination of liver disease and an important measure of liver recovery before and after operation. Therefore, how to evaluate liver reserve function effectively is of great significance for early diagnosis and treatment of liver diseases. At present, the assessment of liver reserve function is based on optical colorimetric analysis of (ICG) dilution principle, which requires many blood samples and takes a long time, which brings great mental pressure to patients. And easy to cause secondary infection, affecting the patient's body recovery. On this basis, in order to provide a non-invasive automatic liver reserve function detection method for some patients with severe illness and difficulty of movement, a research topic of portable liver reserve function analyzer is proposed. Based on the dilution principle of pulse pigment spectrum, a portable liver reserve function analyzer is developed in this paper, which can reduce the volume of the detection equipment, realize the portable use, and overcome the shortcomings and shortcomings of the traditional detection instrument. The main contents of this paper are as follows: 1. The basic principle of Lambert-Beer 's law and pulse pigment spectrum dilution method is studied, and applied to human body, an equivalent model is established, and the finger tip of human body is taken as the measuring position. After a series of derivation and analysis, a mathematical model of liver reserve function measurement theory is established. 2. Combining the measurement theory model with the An droid system, a non-invasive liver reserve measurement system based on the An droid system platform is built. The portable liver reserve function data processing is realized by using the powerful processing ability of the An droid system. Evaluation of clinical liver reserve function. The system includes two aspects: hardware and software. The hardware part is mainly completed: photoelectric volumetric pulse wave signal pickup, signal conditioning, A / D conversion. Finally, the microcontroller is transmitted to the An droid operating platform through the Bluetooth serial port of the peripheral module for analysis and assessment of liver reserve function. 3. The experimental results of the prototype were compared with that of the non-invasive liver function analyzer, and the accuracy and reliability of the analysis of liver reserve function were proved.
【学位授予单位】：吉林大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TH789

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