静电支撑水银加速度计的原理验证和系统设计

发布时间：2019-05-29 19:27

【摘要】：目前广泛应用于高性能惯导中的加速度计主要是石英摆式加速度计,精度高,但抗高过载能力差。水银加速度计具有抗高过载能力,但量程小,测量稳定性不足。针对该现状,本文提出了静电支撑水银加速度计的方案构想,并对该加速度计的原理进行了深入研究,验证了该原理的可行性,设计并搭建了静电支撑水银加速度计系统,对该系统的功能进行了实验验证。静电支撑水银加速度计将静电支撑技术与水银加速度计相结合,具有抗高过载能力的同时,利用水银液滴的受控悬浮,提高了水银加速度计的量程。研究内容包括以下几个方面：1.静电支撑水银加速度计的原理研究。提出静电支撑水银加速度计的方案构想,用静电力平衡惯性力,通过闭环控制,实现水银液滴在静电力作用下的稳定悬浮,以液滴与极板的接触面积变化作为平衡的判断依据,实现用电压的测量获取相应的加速度信息。2.静电支撑水银加速度计的可行性分析。研究水银液滴多物理场作用下的受力情况,建立仿真模型,得出加速度、电压的关系曲线,验证了该新原理加速度计的可行性。验证了静电支撑技术能够提高水银加速度计的量程,并给出了该加速度计的性能参数。同时,研究了影响悬浮电压的物理参数,将悬浮电压降低到1kV以内,提高了该加速度计的应用前景。3.静电支撑水银加速度计的系统设计。封装水银的结构体设计,完成水银液滴的封装；设计并搭建用于面积检测的光学系统,该光学系统可以完成液滴与上、下极板接触面的面积检测,且可以定量描述面积大小和变化量。最后,对静电支撑水银加速度计的系统进行了针对性实验,实验结果表明该系统符合设计时的指标要求。
[Abstract]:At present, the accelerometer widely used in high performance inertial navigation is mainly quartz pendulum accelerometer, which has high precision but poor resistance to high overload. Mercury accelerometer has high overload resistance, but the range is small and the measurement stability is insufficient. In view of this situation, the scheme of electrostatic supported mercury accelerometer is put forward in this paper, and the principle of the accelerometer is deeply studied, the feasibility of the principle is verified, and the electrostatic supported mercury accelerometer system is designed and built. The function of the system is verified by experiments. Electrostatic supported mercury accelerometer combines electrostatic support technology with mercury accelerometer, which has the ability to resist high overload, and at the same time, the controlled suspension of mercury droplets is used to improve the range of mercury accelerometer. The research contents include the following aspects: 1. Study on the principle of electrostatic supported mercury accelerometer. The scheme of electrostatic supported mercury accelerometer is put forward. The stable suspension of mercury droplets under electrostatic force is realized by using electrostatic force to balance inertia force and closed loop control, and the change of contact area between droplets and plate is used as the basis of balance. The corresponding acceleration information is obtained by voltage measurement. 2. Feasibility analysis of electrostatic supported mercury accelerometer. The force acting on mercury droplets under the action of multi-physical field is studied, the simulation model is established, the relationship curve between acceleration and voltage is obtained, and the feasibility of the new principle accelerometer is verified. It is verified that the electrostatic support technology can improve the range of mercury accelerometer, and the performance parameters of the accelerometer are given. At the same time, the physical parameters affecting the suspension voltage are studied, and the suspension voltage is reduced to less than 1kV, which improves the application prospect of the accelerometer. System design of electrostatic supported mercury accelerometer. Package the structure of mercury, complete the packaging of mercury droplets; An optical system for area detection is designed and built. The optical system can detect the area of the contact surface between droplets and upper and lower plates, and can quantitatively describe the size and variation of the area. Finally, the system of electrostatic supported mercury accelerometer is tested, and the experimental results show that the system meets the requirements of the design.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2015
【分类号】：TH824.4

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