基于西门子S7-300PLC沼气发电控制系统的设计与实现

发布时间：2018-01-17 19:22

本文关键词：基于西门子S7-300PLC沼气发电控制系统的设计与实现　出处：《北方民族大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着国家能源经济的高速发展,可再生能源受到了越来越多的关注。沼气作为一种制取方法简单、原料易获得的可再生能源,已广泛应用到各个领域。目前,国内的沼气产业多以农村户用沼气为主,沼气产气率低,发酵底物的清理耗时耗力,一旦通风不彻底很容易发生事故。清理沼气池时周围工作环境不好,很多沼气池都在一个发酵周期后便废弃不用,这造成了我国沼气产业在表面上规模大,实际上利用率低的现象。本文通过自动化技术,实现沼气高效率生产、规模化利用、发酵底物产业化、燃烧废热环保化。通过本设计,生产的沼气经过综合性多阶次利用,最大化的实现了变废为宝。本系统开发包括两部分:上位机控制部分的开发和下位机执行部分的开发。上位机控制部分由工业控制计算机参与使用MCGS组态软件开发监控画面,使用STEP7软件开发PLC控制程序;下位机执行部分是由SP307、CPU315、DI、DO、AI、AO、IM360、IM361等部件组成的S7-300PLC硬件控制核心对阀门、泵等现场元件进行控制。通过系统控制可以实现沼气生产和沼气使用的远程控制、精确监视,使整个生产过程安全高效运行。本系统使用大量工业化网络,对生产过程进行实时监视,实时控制,实现了现场与控制室的同步显示。通过对现场温度、高度、流量、压力等数据的实时采集、分析和存储,从而保证数据实时存储、真实可查,为数据分析工艺升级做准备。另外系统设置多重措施,实现早预警早报警,保证系统安全有效生产。为保证沼气产气量稳定、满足沼气发电机稳定产电且适合并网的要求,本论文着重研究了改进PID算法,并利用MATLAB软件分析比较了多种算法的优劣,最终选定了可实现且调节效果明显的Smith预估器与模糊自适应相结合的方法作为厌氧发酵系统恒温控制方法。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of national energy economy, more and more attention has been paid to renewable energy. As a kind of renewable energy, biogas, as a simple method of production and easy to obtain raw materials, has been widely used in various fields. The domestic biogas industry is mostly rural household biogas, biogas production rate is low, fermentation substrate cleaning time and energy, once ventilation is not completely easy to accident. Cleaning biogas digesters around the working environment is not good. Many biogas digesters are abandoned after a fermentation cycle, which results in the phenomenon that the biogas industry in China is large on the surface, but the utilization ratio is low. In this paper, the efficient production of biogas is realized through automation technology. Scale utilization, fermentation substrate industrialization, combustion waste heat environmental protection. Through this design, the production of biogas through comprehensive multi-stage utilization. The development of this system includes two parts:. The development of the upper computer control part and the development of the lower computer executive part. The upper computer control part by the industrial control computer to participate in the use of MCGS configuration software to develop the monitoring screen. Using STEP7 software to develop PLC control program; The implementation of the lower computer consists of the S7-300 PLC hardware control core valve composed of components such as SP307C CPU315C DIDON AIAOAO IM360 IM361 and so on. The remote control of biogas production and use of biogas can be realized through system control, which can make the whole production process run safely and efficiently. A large number of industrial networks are used in the system. The production process is monitored and controlled in real time, and the synchronous display between the field and the control room is realized. The data of temperature, height, flow rate and pressure are collected, analyzed and stored in real time. In order to ensure the real-time storage of data, the real can be checked, for the data analysis process to prepare for upgrading. In addition, the system set up multiple measures to achieve early warning and early warning. In order to ensure the stability of biogas production and meet the requirements of stable power generation and grid connection of biogas generator, this paper focuses on the improved PID algorithm. The advantages and disadvantages of various algorithms are analyzed and compared by using MATLAB software. Finally, the Smith predictor and fuzzy adaptive method which can be realized and adjusted obviously are selected as the constant temperature control method of anaerobic fermentation system.
【学位授予单位】：北方民族大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP273;TM611.25

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