基于光纤光栅的船闸人字门应变监测系统设计

发布时间：2018-01-26 06:12

本文关键词： 人字门光纤光栅结构分析应变监测　出处：《大连海事大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：长江航运连接我国西南、华中、华东三大经济区,货运量占全国内河运量的80%以上,素有"黄金水道"的美誉。三峡、葛洲坝作为长江中上游重要节点的水利枢纽,随着近年长江航运事业的高速发展,船闸年通过量增速迅猛,对长江黄金水道航运功能的关键性作用日益彰显。但船闸常年工作于复杂水域环境,受涌浪、动水载荷及水下门体两侧巨大水压等共同作用,船闸人字门的AB杆、背拉杆、门体水下区域及底止水封座板等钢性结构部件反复发生局部受力集中/释放,在船闸长期满负荷甚至超负荷运转状况下将可能带来破坏性影响。因此对船闸人字门应力集中发生区域,特别是水下日常难以进行维护检修区域进行应力/应变实时在线监测,及时发现门体结构损伤并评估其安全性,对提高通航效率,保障航道运输安全,具有重要意义。本文围绕葛洲坝3#船闸,在对船闸人字门门体应变发生状况进行详细分析的基础上,将光纤光栅传感器应用于船闸人字门水下应变监测系统,实现了对船闸人字门应力/应变状况的远程实时在线监测,具体工作包括:(1)采用三维建模和有限元分析相结合的方法,将船闸人字门的工作状态建立一个模型,模拟人字门开关门和充放水过程,通过ANSYS Workbench软件,对人字门进行结构分析,确定船闸人字门各个部件在不同工作状态下的应变集中区域,从而确定监测区域,对人字门上的传感器布置位置提供理论支持。(2)基于光纤光栅传感器搭建了船闸人字门应变监测系统,主要包括光纤光栅应变采集模块,软件系统模块。应变采集模块主要实现信号的采集功能,解调模块主要实现将采集到的光信号转化为电信号,将模拟信号转化为数字信号,软件系统模块主要实现对整个系统的控制,数据的采集、显示、保存和对比等功能。系统搭载基于Labview的显示界面和控制系统,通过折线图,颜色和具体数值三种不同显示方式实时显示各个位置的传感器数据,并保存在指定路径,当有传感器的数值超过阈值时,系统便会发出警报,工作人员可通过软件的数据回放功能查看历史数据。
[Abstract]:Yangtze River shipping links the three major economic zones of southwest, central and eastern China, with cargo volume accounting for more than 80% of the country's inland river transport volume, known as the "golden waterway" reputation. Three Gorges. Gezhouba as an important node in the upper and middle reaches of the Yangtze River, with the rapid development of the Yangtze River shipping industry in recent years, the annual throughput of locks is increasing rapidly. The key role to the navigation function of the Yangtze River golden waterway is becoming more and more obvious, but the lock works in the complex water environment all year round, receives the surge wave, the dynamic water load and the huge water pressure on both sides of the underwater door body and so on. The AB bar of herringbone gate of ship lock, the back pull bar, the underwater area of the door body and the bottom sealing plate of steel structure have been repeatedly concentrated / released by local forces. Under the condition of long term full load or even overload operation of ship lock, it may bring destructive effect. Therefore, the area of stress concentration on herringbone gate of lock will occur. In particular, it is difficult to carry out real-time on-line monitoring of stress / strain in underwater maintenance and repair area, detect damage of door structure in time and evaluate its safety, which can improve navigation efficiency and ensure the safety of waterway transportation. Based on the detailed analysis of the strain occurrence of the herringbone gate, the fiber grating sensor is applied to the underwater strain monitoring system of the herringbone gate of the shiplock. The remote on-line monitoring of the stress / strain state of the herringbone gate of ship lock is realized. The concrete work includes the use of three-dimensional modeling and finite element analysis. A model is established to simulate the opening and closing of herringbone gate and the process of filling and discharging water. The structure of herringbone gate is analyzed by ANSYS Workbench software. Determine the strain concentration area of each part of the herringbone gate in different working state, and then determine the monitoring area. Provide theoretical support to the position of sensors on herringbone gate. (2) based on fiber grating sensor, the strain monitoring system of herringbone gate of ship lock is built, which mainly includes fiber Bragg grating strain acquisition module. The software system module. The strain acquisition module mainly realizes the signal acquisition function, the demodulation module mainly realizes to convert the collected light signal to the electric signal, and the analog signal to the digital signal. The software system module mainly realizes the control of the whole system, data collection, display, save and contrast functions. The system carries the display interface and control system based on Labview, through the broken line diagram. Three different display modes of color and specific value display sensor data of each position in real time, and save it in the specified path. When the value of sensor exceeds the threshold, the system will issue an alarm. Staff can view historical data through the software's data playback function.
【学位授予单位】：大连海事大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP274;U641

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