基于物联网的多功能激光加工控制系统的设计与实现

发布时间：2018-01-27 04:29

本文关键词： 激光加工双波长 FPGA 单片机物联网　出处：《江苏大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：激光广泛应用于工业加工领域,目前市场上主流的激光加工设备在加工、管理方面存有以下不足。1.激光器配置单一、输出波长范围有限,针对不同应用无法满足要求。2.重视激光功率,忽略激光Q脉冲宽度、光束模式等其它激光参数,激光参数未能全部可控,难以完成高质量的激光工艺加工。3.本课题组曾针对内燃机缸套内表面采用的“单脉冲同点间隔多次”激光微织构工艺加工系统受限加工低主轴转速、小孔径发动机缸套。4.本实验室原来研制的设备,必须配有位置传感器才能实现平面同点间隔多次激光工艺,效率低且受限短脉冲激光加工方式。5.功能单一,不能同时满足二维平面、三维立体和特殊曲面加工。6.未配数据库系统,加工数据未能有效管理,且加工过程中必须现场值守,无法实现远程加工、监控、管理。7.只能实现等比例像素图像打标,无法实现任意比例像素图像打标。针对目前主流激光系统所存问题,以及考虑到“工业4.0”大数据环境下激光系统智能化升级的必然趋势,本文完成了基于物联网的多功能激光加工系统的设计与实现。并结合具体加工需求,以ARM STM32单片机和FPGA作为控制中心,C++语言设计软件,完成如下具有独立功能的控制系统应用模块:1.以内燃机缸套内表面作为应用加工研究对象,升级基于Mega128型号单片机串行工作时序的激光微加工控制系统。选用532nm激光光源,设计基于FPGA并行工作时序的激光加工控制子系统,同时配有手持触摸屏无线通信控制终端。2.提出“返程误差抵消法”新思路,完成平面单脉冲同点间隔多次加工子系统,双波长激光实现激光点阵列、网纹和凹槽形貌的微加工。3.解析CAD文件,生成相应的控制指令集,控制双波长激光器和运动平台协同工作。激光可自动对焦,完成中心旋转曲面激光加工。4.设计基于ODBC数据源的激光加工数据库系统,SIM900模块的短信远程控制终端,W5500TCP/IP协议栈的DRM远程管理系统。5.设计单片机WEB服务器,浏览器终端远程访问与控制激光加工系统。6.选用型号为HD-GY500摄像头,实现指示光自动对焦,设计双光路自动切换和自动对焦子系统。7.基于Opencv2.4图像库,采用“四格扫描法”,将像素图像矢量转换、插补运算,实现像素图像任意比例的激光加工。本文分别对各子系统进行了性能测试,试验结果表明:所有子系统工作完全达到预期效果,且加工过程稳定可靠。本文提出的基于物联网的多功能激光加工控制系统,针对作为加工光源的多台激光器,设计多光路自动切换系统。满足了面对不同加工对象、同一加工对象不同位置选择不同加工方式的多种灵活加工需求。同时,系统配有数据库管理系统,能够对加工设备、设备操作人员实施便捷管理,是一台真正意义上的物联网多功能激光加工平台。
[Abstract]:Laser widely used in the field of industrial processing, the current mainstream laser processing equipment in the market processing, the management of the following shortcomings. 1. Laser configuration single, the output wavelength range is limited. Focusing on laser power, ignoring laser Q-pulse width, beam mode and other laser parameters, the laser parameters can not be completely controlled. 2. It is difficult to finish the high quality laser processing. 3. Our team has used the "single pulse multiple times at intervals" laser microtexture processing system to process low spindle speed for the internal surface of cylinder liner of internal combustion engine. The equipment originally developed in our laboratory must be equipped with a position sensor in order to realize the laser technology of the same plane at the same time. Low efficiency and limited short pulse laser machining method .5.The single function, can not meet the two-dimensional plane, three-dimensional three-dimensional and special surface machining .6.Unequipped with database system, processing data can not be effectively managed. And the processing process must be on the spot, can not achieve remote processing, monitoring, management. 7. can only achieve equal scale pixel image marking. It is impossible to realize arbitrary scale pixel image marking. Aiming at the problems existing in the current mainstream laser system, and considering the inevitable trend of intelligent upgrading of laser system under the environment of "industry 4.0" big data. In this paper, the design and implementation of a multifunctional laser machining system based on the Internet of things is completed, and the ARM STM32 single chip computer and FPGA are taken as the control center in combination with the specific processing requirements. C language design software, complete the following independent function of the control system application module: 1. Take the internal surface of the cylinder liner of internal combustion engine as the research object of application and processing. The laser micromachining control system based on serial working sequence of Mega128 single chip microcomputer was upgraded. The laser machining control subsystem based on FPGA parallel working sequence was designed by using 532nm laser light source. At the same time, with a hand-held touch screen wireless communication control terminal .2.A new idea of "return error cancellation method" is proposed to complete the plane single pulse multiple processing subsystem at the same point interval, and the dual-wavelength laser to realize the laser dot array. Micromachining of mesh and grooves .3.Parse CAD file, generate corresponding control instruction set, control dual-wavelength laser and motion platform to work together. Laser can focus automatically. Finish the laser machining of center rotating curved surface. 4. Design the short message remote control terminal of SIM900 module based on ODBC data source. W5500 TCP / IP protocol stack of DRM remote management system. 5. Design of WEB server. Browser terminal remote access and control laser processing system. 6. Select the model of HD-GY500 camera to realize the automatic focusing of indicator light. Based on the Opencv2.4 image library, the pixel image vector is transformed and interpolated by "four-cell scanning method". In this paper, the performance of each subsystem is tested, and the experimental results show that all subsystems work completely to achieve the desired results. The multifunctional laser machining control system based on the Internet of things is proposed in this paper. Design multi-optical path automatic switching system to meet the different processing objects, the same processing object in different locations to choose different processing methods of a variety of flexible processing requirements. At the same time, the system is equipped with a database management system. It is a real multifunctional laser processing platform for the Internet of things.
【学位授予单位】：江苏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN249;TP273

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