建筑瓷砖几何尺寸检测方法研究

发布时间：2018-02-17 08:23

本文关键词： 建筑瓷砖激光测距传感器最小二乘法步进电机虚拟仪器 LabVIEW 小波变换　出处：《河北科技大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：近年来,我国建筑陶瓷产量逐年增多,并且品质也在明显提高。而瓷砖几何尺寸的测量尚停留在人工测量的水平,自动化程度低,成为制约瓷砖产业发展的瓶颈。本课题源自河北省自动化研究所科研项目——建筑陶瓷尺寸误差在线检测系统。文章阐述了瓷砖产品在线检测的意义,深入分析了激光测距技术,对现有检测设备所采用的测量方案方法进行了分析与比较。针对目前瓷砖在线检测技术存在的问题,提出了一种基于激光三角技术的测量方法,实现陶瓷砖实时、在线、高精度的尺寸的测量。在传感器方面,本文详细介绍了LG5A65UN的检测原理,采用最小二乘法对其进行标定,拟合出其输出特性曲线,有效解决了在检测过程中存在的传感器理论输出特性与实际检测值之间的存在偏差的问题。传送装置通过步进电机的细分驱动实现了待测瓷砖的平稳传送和检测模块的往复运动,通过对支承辊的安装方式的改进,解决了瓷砖在传送过程中的下陷问题,达到良好效果。为了消除传感器采集信号的噪声干扰,提高信噪比,设计了一种基于小波变换的滤波系统,并通过LabVIEW和Matlab混合编程的方法实现,降噪效果显著。本文选取了市场上常见的1000*1000mm规格的抛光砖作为实验对象并对其进行重复性测量试验。实验结果表明该测量系统实用性强,在精确度方面能够达到甚至超过国家标准的要求。
[Abstract]:In recent years, the output of building ceramics in China has been increasing year by year, and the quality of ceramic tile has been obviously improved. However, the measurement of ceramic tile geometric dimension is still at the level of manual measurement, and the degree of automation is low. It is a bottleneck that restricts the development of ceramic tile industry. This subject is originated from the research project of Hebei Automation Research Institute-the online measurement system of ceramic size error of building ceramics. This paper expounds the significance of online detection of ceramic tile products, and deeply analyzes the laser ranging technology. This paper analyzes and compares the measuring methods used in the existing testing equipment. In view of the problems existing in the current on-line detection technology of ceramic tile, a measuring method based on laser triangulation technology is proposed, which can realize the ceramic tile real-time and on-line. In the aspect of sensor, the principle of LG5A65UN is introduced in detail, the least square method is used to calibrate it, and the output characteristic curve is fitted out. The deviation between the theoretical output characteristics of the sensor and the actual detection value is effectively solved. The transmission device realizes the smooth transmission and detection of the ceramic tile to be tested by the subdivision drive of the stepping motor. The reciprocating motion of the module, By improving the installation mode of the backup roll, the problem of ceramic tile subsidence in the transmission process is solved, and the good effect is achieved. In order to eliminate the noise interference of the signal collected by the sensor and improve the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), A filtering system based on wavelet transform is designed and implemented by LabVIEW and Matlab. The noise reduction effect is remarkable. In this paper, the polishing tile with 1000 ~ 1000mm size in the market is selected as the experimental object and the repeatability measurement experiment is carried out. The experimental results show that the measuring system is very practical. In terms of accuracy can meet or even exceed the requirements of national standards.
【学位授予单位】：河北科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP212.9

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