水田复式整地机自动调平控制系统研究

发布时间：2018-02-22 20:33

本文关键词： 水田复式整地机自动调平控制系统单片机 AMEsim　出处：《黑龙江八一农垦大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：随着黑龙江省种植结构的调整,水田种植面积不断扩大,对水田整地机具的数量要求不断增加,对平地精度的要求也越来越高。目前黑龙江省的水田整地机具依然处于传统的搅浆机、旋耕机,耙等,没有自动调平控制系统,作业单纯依靠驾驶员经验,自动化程度低,控制精度低,驾驶员工作强度大。拖拉机在农田作业时,由于农田的坑洼或斜坡,造成农田拖拉机的倾斜行走,整地机与拖拉机采用牵引式或悬挂式进行衔接,因此整地机在进行作业时,也会随着拖拉机的倾斜而倾斜,最终导致作业效果很不理想。目前拖拉机悬挂架还处于手动的机械调平阶段,手动机械调平费时费力,并且不能做到实时调平,与我国农业机械向着自动化、智能化的方向发展相违背。因此对水田整地机具的调平系统研究对实现土地平整,提高耕整地质量,促进农业发展具有重要的现实意义,在水田耕整地作业中应用前景广阔。主要结合ZD-5.0型水田复式整地机的结构特点和自动调平控制系统的工作原理,设计液压系统,并对液压原件进行选型;根据液压系统的控制要求,选用STC12C5A60S2型单片机为控制系统的运算核心,运用KeiluVision软件编写单片机程序,并设计控制器的信号采集电路、放大电路;利用Vb6.0编写水田复式整地机实时显示软件。利用AMEsim软件对自动调平控制系统进行建模,通过仿真分析得:自动调平控制系统有两个工作压力,无杆腔进油压力为50bar,有杆腔进油压力为70bar;安全阀卸荷压力为200bar;活塞杆全程运动时间为11s。通过实验室台架试验得:自动调平控制系统控制精度为0.3°。通过田间作业试验得:试验地块采集数据的标准偏差值mmSd(28)58.12。通过AMEsim软件对自动调平控制系统建模仿真,在理论上验证自动调平控制系统的可行性,保证自动调平控制试验样机的安全性、稳定性;通过台架试验和田间作业试验验证设计的水田复式整地机自动调平控制系统,成本低、工作精度高、自动化程度高、人机交互性强、工作性能稳定、工作效率高,大大降低生产成本和劳动强度。
[Abstract]:With the adjustment of planting structure in Heilongjiang Province, the planting area of paddy field is expanding constantly, and the quantity of paddy land preparation machine is increasing. At present, the paddy land preparation machines and tools in Heilongjiang Province are still in the traditional slurry mixer, rotary tiller, rake, etc. There is no automatic leveling control system, the operation simply depends on the experience of the driver, and the degree of automation is low. When the tractor is working in farmland, because of the pit or slope of the farmland, the farmland tractor is inclined to walk, and the land preparation machine and the tractor adopt the traction or suspension type to link up. Therefore, when the land preparation machine is in operation, it will also tilt along with the tilting of the tractor, which ultimately results in a very unsatisfactory operation effect. At present, the tractor hanger is still in the manual mechanical leveling stage, and manual mechanical leveling takes time and effort. And it can not be leveled in real time, which is contrary to the automatic and intelligent development of agricultural machinery in our country. Therefore, the research on leveling system of paddy land preparation machine can achieve land leveling and improve the quality of cultivated land. It is of great practical significance to promote the development of agriculture and has a broad application prospect in paddy field ploughing. The hydraulic system is designed according to the structural characteristics of ZD-5.0 type paddy field compound land preparation machine and the working principle of automatic leveling control system. According to the control requirements of hydraulic system, STC12C5A60S2 microcontroller is selected as the operation core of the control system, and the MCU program is compiled by using KeiluVision software, and the signal acquisition circuit and amplifying circuit of the controller are designed. The real-time display software of paddy field compound land preparation machine is compiled by Vb6.0. The automatic leveling control system is modeled by AMEsim software. The simulation results show that the automatic leveling control system has two working pressures. The feeding pressure of the rod less cavity is 50 bar. the inlet pressure of the rod cavity is 70 bar. the unloading pressure of the safety valve is 200 bar. the whole movement time of the piston rod is 11 s. The control precision of the automatic leveling control system is 0.3 掳through the laboratory bench test. The results are as follows: the standard deviation of the data collected from the test plot is mmSdn2858.12.The automatic leveling control system is modeled and simulated by AMEsim software. The feasibility of the automatic leveling control system is verified theoretically to ensure the safety and stability of the automatic leveling control test prototype, and the designed automatic leveling control system of the paddy field compound land preparation machine is verified by the bench test and the field operation test. Low cost, high working precision, high degree of automation, strong human-computer interaction, stable working performance, high work efficiency, greatly reduce production cost and labor intensity.
【学位授予单位】：黑龙江八一农垦大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S222.5;TP273

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