基于光纤传感器的杨氏模量测量实验仪的研制

发布时间：2018-03-04 05:05

本文选题：杨氏模量　切入点：反射式　出处：《山东科技大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：杨氏模量作为一种表示固体材料性质的基本力学参数,是工程设计中材料选择的重要依据之一。可以说,对于材料杨氏模量值的测量在科学研究和工程设计中都具有重要意义。杨氏模量测量实验是一个相对综合的实验,许多学校将杨氏模量测量实验设为物理实验课程中的必做实验,使得学生能够掌握相关知识及技能。目前,杨氏模量测量实验仪的种类繁多,这些实验仪基于不同的原理进行测量,它们针对不同的测量条件,具有各自不同的特点。本文以光纤位移传感器系统为研究对象,提出并研制了一种基于反射式光纤位移传感器的杨氏模量测量实验仪,给出利用光纤位移传感器测量金属丝微小形变量的一种新方法。本文主要研究的内容包括:(1)文章简要介绍了杨氏模量的基本概念,讨论了杨氏模量实验仪的主要分类及其测量方法。(2)介绍了光纤传感器的基本理论,详细介绍了反射式光纤位移传感器的结构、工作原理以及其特性。研究了光纤位移传感器系统的主要器件,包括光纤传感器系统的光源分类及特点,光电探测器的基本工作原理、分类及特点。(3)根据实际实验系统条件对光纤传感器系统的器件进行了选择、分析。并研究了光源的驱动电路和光电探测器的信号放大电路。根据实验要求,对主控芯片的功能、特点以及通信接口电路进行了分析、研究。(4)研究了实验仪的上位机与下位机软件部分,通过软件设计实现下位机的数据转换和发送功能,以及上位机的数据处理和显示功能。(5)搭建杨氏模量测量实验平台,对金属丝的微小伸长量进行测量,获得实验数据。通过上位机处理获得金属丝的杨氏模量值。通过对实验仪的测试及实验结果的分析,验证了方案的可行性。这种新研制的实验仪前期装置调整步骤比较少、操作比较方便。能够使学生在测量杨氏模量的同时也学习了光纤位移传感器的相关知识。
[Abstract]:As a basic mechanical parameter representing the properties of solid materials, Young's modulus is one of the important bases for material selection in engineering design. The measurement of Young's modulus is of great significance in both scientific research and engineering design. Many schools set the Young's modulus measurement experiment as a required experiment in the physics experiment curriculum, enabling students to master relevant knowledge and skills. At present, there are a wide variety of Young's modulus measuring instruments. These experimental instruments are based on different principles, and they have different characteristics according to different measuring conditions. In this paper, the optical fiber displacement sensor system is taken as the research object. An experimental instrument for measuring Young's modulus based on reflective optical fiber displacement sensor is proposed and developed. A new method for measuring the tiny shape variables of wire by using optical fiber displacement sensor is presented. The main research contents in this paper include: 1) the basic concept of Young's modulus is briefly introduced in this paper. The basic theory of optical fiber sensor is introduced, and the structure of reflective optical fiber displacement sensor is introduced in detail. The main components of the optical fiber displacement sensor system, including the classification and characteristics of the light source of the optical fiber sensor system, the basic working principle of the photodetector are studied. According to the actual experimental system conditions, the optical fiber sensor system devices are selected and analyzed. The driving circuit of the light source and the signal amplification circuit of the photodetector are studied. According to the experimental requirements, the functions of the main control chip are analyzed. The characteristics and the communication interface circuit are analyzed. The software part of the upper computer and the lower computer of the experiment instrument is studied. The data conversion and transmission function of the lower computer is realized by the software design. And the data processing and display function of the upper computer. 5) to set up the experimental platform of Young's modulus measurement, to measure the tiny elongation of wire, The experimental data are obtained. The Young's modulus of the wire is obtained by the upper computer processing. The feasibility of the scheme is verified by the test and analysis of the experimental results. Easy to operate. Students can measure Young's modulus and learn about optical fiber displacement sensors.
【学位授予单位】：山东科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TH87;TP212

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