基于PQCR-PSI传感器的桥梁振动无线监测系统设计与实现

发布时间：2018-03-06 04:19

本文选题：桥梁振动　切入点：晶体谐振器　出处：《西南交通大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：桥梁作为一种耗资巨大、设计建造周期和使用年限都很长的大型基础交通设施,在促进国民经济建设、地域文化交流和推动社会发展中发挥着极为重要的作用。桥梁结构振动是影响桥梁的使用和安全的重要因素之一,对桥梁振动进行实时监测对于避免桥梁事故的发生和延长其使用寿命有着极其重要的意义。PQCR-PSI传感器是实验室开发的一种结构简单、具有大感频牵引率的电感式传感器,它实现了电感式传感器的数字化频率输出,克服了以交流电桥和LC谐振为振荡电路的电感传感器的一些缺陷,系统将其作为传感器探头应用到了桥梁振动等低频振动测量中。通过对桥梁振动特性与现有振动传感器优缺点的分析,针对大跨度桥梁振动信号监测的需求,提出并设计了一套基于PQCR-PSI传感器的桥梁振动无线监测系统。根据桥梁振动监测系统的需求与ZigBee技术的原理,系统硬件由振动监测节点、应力应变监测节点、协调器节点三个部分组成。振动监测节点使用FPGA对PQCR-PSI结构所在Pierce振荡电路进行频率采集,同时实现了温度数据采集、数据处理、USB存储和串口数据发送等功能。应力应变监测节点主要由全臂电桥电路、电压放大电路和模数转换电路组成。振动数据与应力应变数据通过ZigBee无线通信的方式发送给协调器节点,协调器接收后通过串口发送给计算机。通过C#上位机与MATLAB的混合编程,将模糊推理融合理论应用于模拟桥梁状态评估与预警,同时,上位机实现了各数据的动态曲线绘制和MySQL数据库存储等功能。通过搭建模拟平台进行实验和测试,验证了将基于PQCR-PSI结构的电感式传感器探头应用到桥梁振动测量的可行性。该套监测系统可清楚地反映出桥梁模拟振动情况,实现了对低频振动信号的非接触式无线实时监测。
[Abstract]:As a kind of large infrastructure transportation facilities, which cost a lot of money and have a long design and construction life, bridge is promoting the construction of national economy. Regional cultural exchanges and social development play an extremely important role. Bridge structural vibration is one of the important factors affecting the use and safety of bridges. It is very important to monitor bridge vibration in real time for avoiding bridge accident and prolonging its service life. PQCR-PSI sensor is a kind of inductive sensor with simple structure and large frequency traction rate developed in laboratory. It realizes the digital frequency output of inductance sensor and overcomes some defects of inductance sensor which uses AC bridge and LC resonance as oscillating circuit. The system uses it as a sensor probe to measure low frequency vibration such as bridge vibration. By analyzing the characteristics of bridge vibration and the advantages and disadvantages of existing vibration sensors, the paper aims at the needs of vibration signal monitoring of long-span bridges. A wireless monitoring system of bridge vibration based on PQCR-PSI sensor is proposed and designed. According to the requirement of bridge vibration monitoring system and the principle of ZigBee technology, the hardware of the system is composed of vibration monitoring node and stress strain monitoring node. The vibration monitoring node uses FPGA to collect the frequency of the Pierce oscillation circuit where the PQCR-PSI structure is located, and the temperature data acquisition is realized at the same time. Data processing functions such as USB storage and serial port data transmission. The stress-strain monitoring node is mainly composed of a full-arm bridge circuit. The vibration data and the stress-strain data are transmitted to the coordinator node through ZigBee wireless communication, and the coordinator receives them to the computer through serial port. Through the mixed programming of C # host computer and MATLAB, the vibration data and the stress-strain data are transmitted to the computer through the serial port. The fuzzy inference fusion theory is applied to simulate bridge state evaluation and early warning. At the same time, the upper computer realizes the functions of dynamic curve drawing and MySQL database storage of each data. The feasibility of applying the inductance sensor probe based on PQCR-PSI structure to bridge vibration measurement is verified. The monitoring system can clearly reflect the simulated vibration of the bridge and realize the non-contact wireless real-time monitoring of the low frequency vibration signal.
【学位授予单位】：西南交通大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP274

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