模间干涉型全光纤温度及扭转传感器的研究

发布时间：2018-03-07 21:41

  本文选题：光纤传感器　切入点：模间干涉　出处：《安徽大学》2016年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：基于模间干涉原理的光纤传感器是近些年提出的一种新型光纤传感器。模间干涉型光纤传感器具有灵敏度高、耐腐蚀、质轻、小巧、抗电磁干扰、集传感和传输于一体、能与光纤通信系统兼容等优点。相较于传统干涉型光纤传感器,模间干涉型光纤传感器仅需单根光纤即可实现不同模式光间的干涉,结构更为紧凑,实现了对光路的进一步简化,且对光源没有严格的要求。随着技术的不断发展,模间干涉型光纤传感器在大型发电机组、边界安防、桥梁大坝安全监测以及航天航空器运行状态监测等领域将有很大的应用潜力。本论文主要设计了两种不同类型的模间干涉型光纤传感器,并对其特性进行了研究。全文的主要内容如下：第一章为绪论部分。介绍了光纤传感器的发展概况、应用、分类以及模间干涉技术的研究现状,并概括了本论文的主要内容与创新点。第二章为模间干涉型光纤传感器的基本理论探究。介绍了光干涉技术的基本原理、光纤中的模式干涉理论以及保偏光纤中两正交偏振模的干涉理论。第三章介绍了一种“无芯光纤-多模光纤-无芯光纤(NMN)”结构模间干涉光纤传感器。理论上分析了该传感器的传感原理,并用Rsoft软件对该传感器的内部光场分布进行了仿真模拟,研究了不同长度的无芯光纤对传感器内部光场分布的影响。最后对该传感器的温度和折射率传感特性进行了实验研究。第四章介绍了一种偏振模干涉型光纤扭转传感器。该传感器基于Sloc干涉原理,利用电场矢量方向在完全圆对称的标准单模光纤中传输时不受扭转影响这一特性设计而成。在分析其传感原理后,利用软件对该传感器的扭转特性进行了模拟。该传感器实际的扭转测量结果经修正后与模拟结果基本一致,扭转灵敏度最高可达-0.79dB/。,同时还可实现扭转方向的判断。此外,我们对该传感器的温度响应特性也进行了实验研究,计算出由温度变化而导致的扭转测量误差最大仅为0.04。／℃。
[Abstract]:The optical fiber sensor based on the principle of intermodal interference is a new type of optical fiber sensor proposed in recent years. The optical fiber sensor with high sensitivity, corrosion resistance, light weight, small size, anti-electromagnetic interference, is integrated with sensor and transmission. Compared with the traditional interferometric optical fiber sensor, the intermodal interferometric optical fiber sensor can realize the interference between different modes of light with a single optical fiber, and the structure is more compact. With the development of technology, the intermodal interference optical fiber sensor is used in large generator set, and the boundary is protected. There will be great application potential in the field of bridge and dam safety monitoring and spaceflight aircraft operating state monitoring. In this paper, two kinds of intermodal interference optical fiber sensors are designed. The main contents of this paper are as follows: the first chapter is the introduction. The development, application, classification and intermodal interference of optical fiber sensors are introduced. The main contents and innovations of this paper are summarized. Chapter 2 is the basic theory of intermodal interferometric optical fiber sensor. The basic principle of optical interferometry is introduced. Mode interference theory in optical fiber and interference theory of two orthogonal polarization modes in polarization-maintaining fiber. Chapter 3 introduces an intermodal interference optical fiber sensor with "coreless fiber-multi-mode fiber-coreless fiber" structure. The sensing principle of the sensor, The internal light field distribution of the sensor is simulated with Rsoft software. The influence of coreless fiber with different lengths on the optical field distribution inside the sensor is studied. Finally, the temperature and refractive index sensing characteristics of the sensor are experimentally studied. In chapter 4th, a polarization mode interferometric fiber torsion is introduced. The sensor is based on the principle of Sloc interference. The electric field vector direction is designed by using the characteristic that the direction of electric field is transmitted in a perfectly circular symmetric standard single-mode fiber without torsional influence. After analyzing its sensing principle, The torsional characteristics of the sensor are simulated by software. The measured results of the sensor are in good agreement with the simulation results. The torsional sensitivity of the sensor is up to -0.79 dB /%, and the direction of torsion can also be judged. The temperature response characteristics of the sensor are also studied experimentally, and it is found that the maximum torsional measurement error caused by the temperature change is only 0.04 / 鈩，

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