基于三种镍基纳米复合材料的葡萄糖和亚硝酸根电化学传感研究

发布时间：2018-03-09 09:37

本文选题：无酶电化学传感器　切入点：纳米复合材料　出处：《西北大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：利用具有特殊结构和优异性能的纳米复合材料构建新型电化学传感界面,由于其能够有效地提高电化学传感器的分析性能,因而为传感器的研究与开发提供了更高的发展平台,并成为电分析化学研究的前沿技术。本论文通过制备三种镍基纳米复合材料,构建了基于这三种催化材料的电化学传感器,研究了不同组成和结构的镍基纳米复合材料与传感器的电化学和电催化性能,建立了检测葡萄糖和亚硝酸根的电化学传感新方法。该研究充实了电化学传感器中镍基纳米复合材料的催化应用。全文共分三章,主要研究内容如下:1、采用置换反应合成了 NiPt空心纳米球,利用PDDA修饰的氧化石墨烯为基底材料,构置了基于NiPt/GO催化材料的传感器,并应用于葡萄糖的电化学检测中。结果表明,NiPt/GO纳米材料修饰电极在碱性条件下电催化葡萄糖的线性范围为1.0 μM-2.78 mM,灵敏度为39.7μAmM-1 cm-2,检出限为0.45μM。2、采用原位化学聚合法和共还原法制备了 NiCo/PPy/RGO纳米复合材料,并构置了基于此复合材料的葡萄糖电化学传感器。研究表明,所构置的传感器电催化氧化葡萄糖的活性优良,其线性范围为0.5μM-4.1 mM,检出限为0.17 μM,灵敏度为153.5 μA mM-1 cm-2,且稳定性和选择性良好。3、采用两步化学法制备了 Pt/Ni(OH)2/MWCNTs纳米复合材料,并基于此复合材料构置了一种无酶N02-电化学传感器。所构置的传感器检测NO2-获得的线性范围为0.4μM-5.67 mM,灵敏度为145μAmM-1 cm-2,检出限为0.13 μM。该研究中将Ni(OH)2与MWCNTs相结合制备纳米复合材料的思路丰富了 MWCNTs的功能化修饰。此外,所构置的传感器能够检测不同牛奶中的NO2-含量。
[Abstract]:A novel electrochemical sensing interface is constructed by using nanocomposites with special structure and excellent properties. Because it can effectively improve the analytical performance of electrochemical sensors, it provides a higher development platform for the research and development of sensors. In this paper, three kinds of nickel matrix nanocomposites were prepared, and electrochemical sensors based on these three kinds of catalytic materials were constructed. The electrochemical and electrocatalytic properties of nickel matrix nanocomposites and sensors with different composition and structure were studied. A new electrochemical sensing method for the detection of glucose and nitrite has been established. This study enriches the catalytic application of nickel based nanocomposites in electrochemical sensors. The main research contents are as follows: firstly, NiPt hollow nanospheres were synthesized by displacement reaction. The sensors based on NiPt/GO catalyst materials were constructed by using PDDA modified graphene oxide as substrate material. The results show that the linear range of electrocatalysis of glucose is 1.0 渭 M-2.78 mm, the sensitivity is 39.7 渭 AmM-1 / cm ~ (-2) and the detection limit is 0.45 渭 M. ~ (-2). NiCo/PPy/RGO nanocomposites were prepared by co-reduction method. A glucose electrochemical sensor based on the composite material was constructed. The results show that the sensor has good catalytic activity for glucose oxidation. The linear range was 0.5 渭 M-4.1 mm, the detection limit was 0.17 渭 M, the sensitivity was 153.5 渭 A mM-1 cm-2, and the stability and selectivity were good. The Pt/Ni(OH)2/MWCNTs nanocomposites were prepared by two-step chemical method. Based on the composite, an enzyme free N02-electrochemical sensor was constructed. The linear range of the sensor was 0.4 渭 M-5.67 mm, the sensitivity was 145 渭 AmM-1 / cm ~ (-2), and the detection limit was 0.13 渭 M. in this study, Ni(OH)2 was combined with MWCNTs to prepare nano-meter. The idea of composite material enriches the functionalization of MWCNTs. The sensor can detect the content of no-2-in different milk.
【学位授予单位】：西北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TB33;TP212.2

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