分布式粉尘浓度网络测控系统的研究

发布时间：2018-03-09 22:24

本文选题：光散射　切入点：粉尘浓度　出处：《山东建筑大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：空气质量问题制约着人们的生活水平。当前雾霾天气频发,粉尘作为雾霾的主要成因成为研究重点。城市一直是粉尘污染的重灾区,主要来源是汽车尾气和建筑扬尘。面向道路交通和建筑工地等开放大气环境下的粉尘实时检测系统成为研究重点之一。本课题针对以上问题设计开发一套面向开放大气环境下的粉尘浓度网络测控系统。本文首先介绍了粉尘颗粒物的种类及危害,表明粉尘浓度测控的重要性。对比常用的粉尘浓度检测方法与除尘方法,选择光散射法作为实时检测方法。同时充分调研国内外主流光散射颗粒物浓度检测装置的性能指标。然后分析光散射的相关理论,详细阐述了Mie散射原理,并以此作为基础理论。通过分析光电检测装置输出的电信号,建立检测信号同颗粒物粒径之间的关系,实现粉尘颗粒数浓度到质量浓度的转换。为了提高检测精度及稳定性,在设计粉尘颗粒物浓度传感器时,选用双测量光路的方案。采用分光镜同步测量入射光强度变化,利用光强补偿方法有效消除因入射光强改变带来的测量误差。设计了传感器转换电路及系统原理电路,并通过GPRS模块与信号处理器组成分布式网络,实现大范围的数据采集及除尘装置控制。利用LabVIEW平台开发上位机程序,对不同检测点的数据进行显示与存储,并控制检测位置的除尘装置,从而实现开放大气环境下的粉尘浓度有效测控。最后对传感器进行标定,确定传感器系数K,并对数据进行分析。针对课题进行总结与展望,并对课题中存在的问题提出相应的改进措施,明确了今后研究的方向。
[Abstract]:The problem of air quality restricts people's living standard. At present, haze weather is frequent, dust as the main cause of haze has become the focus of research. Cities have been the worst disaster areas for dust pollution. The main sources are automobile exhaust and building dust. The real-time dust detection system under open atmosphere such as road traffic and construction site becomes one of the key points of the research. This paper designs and develops a set of open-oriented dust detection system for the above problems. The network measurement and control system of dust concentration in atmospheric environment. This paper first introduces the types and hazards of dust particles. It shows the importance of dust concentration measurement and control. The light scattering method is chosen as the real time detection method. At the same time, the performance index of the main light scattering particle concentration detection device at home and abroad is fully investigated. Then, the related theory of light scattering is analyzed, and the principle of Mie scattering is expounded in detail. Based on this theory, the relationship between the detection signal and the particle size is established by analyzing the electrical signal output from the photoelectric detection device, and the conversion from the number of dust particles to the mass concentration is realized. In order to improve the detection accuracy and stability, In the design of dust particle concentration sensor, the scheme of double measuring light path is selected. The intensity change of incident light is measured synchronously by using a spectroscope. The measurement error caused by the change of incident light intensity is effectively eliminated by using the light intensity compensation method. The sensor conversion circuit and the system principle circuit are designed, and the distributed network is made up of GPRS module and signal processor. The LabVIEW platform is used to develop the upper computer program to display and store the data of different detection points, and to control the dust removal device in the detection position. In order to realize the effective measurement and control of dust concentration in open atmosphere environment. Finally, calibrate the sensor, determine the sensor coefficient K, and analyze the data. The corresponding improvement measures are put forward for the problems in the subject, and the research direction in the future is clarified.
【学位授予单位】：山东建筑大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：X84;TP274

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