基于大田“四情”监测系统中无线节点软硬件系统设计与应用

发布时间：2018-03-11 14:21

本文选题：无线节点　切入点：ZigBee协议　出处：《宁夏大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：我国是个农业大国,而我国农业发展并不理想,大田中土壤信息及周围环境严重影响作物的生长,监测并改变大田“四情”信息刻不容缓,农业进入信息化势在必行。本文以叶盛正鑫源米业和中宁杞泰枸杞基地的大田环境为研究对象,通过无线传感器节点对大田中“四情”信息进行动态监测,并将终端节点所采集的信息通过协调器发送到互联网,从而将大田“四情”信息转化成可直视的信息。用户可以直接通过互联网发送命令控制无线节点执行相关动作,从而通过无线节点对大田环境的检测与改变相关环境信息达到农业信息化的目的。本论文完成了以下工作:硬件是无线节点系统稳定运行的基础,本文完成的硬件设计主要为节点底板与功能模块。节点底板包括可以给整个节点供电的电源电路,与上位机通信的485电路和USB转TTL电路,指示电源供电情况、通信状态和故障情况的指示灯与蜂鸣器电路,控制功能模块电源的电源开关电路,向核心模块单片机中写程序的编程接口电路,与功能模块连接的接口电路;功能模块包括用于组建ZigBee网络的核心模块,控制开关量和继电器的开关量与继电器模块,连接各种型号传感器的模拟量与数字量输入模块,放大传感器输出微小电压的电压放大模块,控制电磁阀动作以完成自动灌溉的电机驱动模块。软件是无线节点系统实现智能化的根本,本文完成的软件设计为协调器、路由器和终端节点的软件设计。协调器软件主要完成ZigBee网络组建,与路由节点、终端节点和上位机通信·,路由器软件主要完成节点的自组网,保障数据在协调器与终端节点间稳定可靠传输;终端节点软件设计主要完成与路由器节点的自组网,接收来自传感器数据并将数据发送给协调器,接收来自协调器命令控制相关功能节点动作。系统经调试,实现了无线节点系统的稳定运行,所采集的环境信息与实际环境信息基本相同,并可以发送命令控制电磁阀等开关设备动作,可以实现对大田“四情”信息的智能监测。
[Abstract]:Our country is a big agricultural country, but the agricultural development of our country is not ideal, the soil information and the surrounding environment in the field seriously affect the growth of crops, so it is urgent to monitor and change the "four emotions" information in the field. It is imperative for agriculture to enter informatization. This paper takes the field environment of Ye Shengzheng Xinyuan rice industry and Zhongning Qitai Lycium barbarum base as the research object, and dynamically monitors the "four emotions" information in the field through the wireless sensor node. And the information collected by the terminal node is transmitted to the Internet through the coordinator, so that the "four emotions" information in the field can be transformed into information that can be viewed directly. The user can directly send commands through the Internet to control the wireless node to perform related actions. In order to achieve the purpose of agricultural informatization by detecting and changing the environmental information of wireless nodes to the field environment. The following work has been accomplished in this paper: hardware is the basis for the stable operation of wireless node system. The hardware design of this paper is mainly composed of node bottom board and function module. The node bottom board includes power supply circuit which can supply power to the whole node, 485 circuit and USB to TTL circuit which can communicate with the host computer, indicating the power supply situation of the power supply. The signal lamp and buzzer circuit of communication state and fault condition, the power switch circuit of controlling the power supply of function module, the programming interface circuit of writing program to the core module single chip microcomputer, the interface circuit connected with function module; The function module includes the core module for constructing ZigBee network, the module for controlling the switch quantity and the switch quantity and relay module for relays, and the analog and digital input module for various types of sensors. The voltage amplification module that amplifies the sensor outputs the tiny voltage, controls the solenoid valve movement to complete the automatic irrigation motor drive module, the software is the wireless node system realization intellectualized foundation, this paper completes the software design for the coordinator, Software design of router and terminal node. Coordinator software mainly completes ZigBee network construction, communicates with routing node, terminal node and host computer, and router software mainly completes ad hoc network of nodes. The terminal node software design mainly completes the ad hoc network with the router node, receives the data from the sensor and sends the data to the coordinator. Receiving the command from the coordinator to control the action of the related function node. After debugging, the system realizes the stable operation of the wireless node system, and the environmental information collected is basically the same as the actual environmental information. It can send commands to control the action of the solenoid valve and other switch devices, and can realize the intelligent monitoring of the "four emotions" information in the field.
【学位授予单位】：宁夏大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP274;S126

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