干涉型光纤传感器及其准分布式传感研究

发布时间：2018-03-13 01:21

本文选题：地震波探测　切入点：干涉型光纤传感器　出处：《南京理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】："高分辨率光纤油气层监测系统"(High-reso1utionFiber-opticSeismicSystem,HR-FOSS)是以光纤加速度传感器阵列为基础的新一代地震波探测系统,用于油田油气层结构和迁移的高精度实时探测。HR-FOSS技术将逐步取代传统技术成为石油探采和生产的配套设备,是目前几个石油探懫大国的研究热点,是未来几年石油探采的趋势和方向。本论文研制了一个小规模HR-FOSS样机系统,为今后对商用化高分辨率光纤油气层监测系统的研制奠定技术及工艺基础。除了检波器数量为64个外,小规模HR-FOSS的其他技术要求与大规模系统基本一致,包括了多波长激光光源模块、光学调制解调模块、光学传感模块、数据处理模块、系统控制电脑和系统电源模块6个模块。在整个系统中,本文主要设计并制作了光学调制解调模块和光学传感模块,研究了离散式相位调制解调法和一种波分时分混合复用技术。研究了传统石油数据与本系统输出数据差异,设计并编写了用以规范数据格式的数据读写动态链接库。本项目采用离散式相位调制解调法,采集输出的三个干涉光强信号,计算出振动信号引起的光信号相位变化。光束相位与振动信号具有很好的一致性。传感系统采用波分时分混合复用技术,解复用时利用延时错位耦合的方式降低系统串扰。项目研发过程中对64个检波器和由其构成的传感网络进行测试,测试表明:检波器灵敏度为1028rad/g@60Hz,线性度为0.997,共振频率为300Hz-350Hz,高于工作频率不影响探测性能;除4个检波器外,其余检波器的起振时间均相同。光纤传感系统野外噪声约为50ng√Hz@200Hz,时分复用串扰均小于-76dB,波分复用串扰均小于为-59dB。实验证明本系统可以实现地震波的探测,同时具有探测灵敏度高、环境噪声小、系统间串扰小等优点。
[Abstract]:High-reso1ution Fiber-Optic Seismic system HR-FOSS is a new generation seismic wave detection system based on fiber-optic accelerometer array. High-precision real-time detection of oil and gas reservoir structure and migration. HR-FOSS technology will gradually replace the traditional technology as the supporting equipment for oil exploration and production. It is the trend and direction of petroleum exploration and production in the next few years. A small scale HR-FOSS prototype system is developed in this paper. In order to lay a technical and technological foundation for the development of commercial high-resolution optical oil and gas layer monitoring system in the future, except for the 64 geophone, the other technical requirements of small-scale HR-FOSS are basically the same as those of large-scale system. It includes six modules: multiwavelength laser light source module, optical modulation and demodulation module, optical sensing module, data processing module, system control computer and system power supply module. In this paper, the optical modulation and demodulation module and the optical sensing module are designed and fabricated, the discrete phase modulation and demodulation method and a kind of wavelength division time division hybrid multiplexing technique are studied, and the difference between the traditional petroleum data and the output data of the system is studied. A dynamic link library for data reading and writing is designed and written to standardize the data format. Three interference intensity signals are collected by discrete phase modulation and demodulation in this project. The phase change of the optical signal caused by the vibration signal is calculated. The phase of the beam is in good agreement with the vibration signal. In demultiplexing, the crosstalk of the system is reduced by time-delay staggered coupling. In the course of the project, 64 geophone and sensor network are tested. The test results show that the sensitivity of the geophone is 1028rad/ g @ 60Hz, the linearity is 0.997, the resonance frequency is 300Hz-350Hz, and the detection performance is not affected by the operating frequency. The field noise of the optical fiber sensing system is about 50ng / hm ~ (200) Hz, the crosstalk of time division multiplexing is less than -76dB, and the crosstalk of wavelength division multiplexing is less than -59dB.Experimental results show that the system can detect seismic waves. At the same time, it has the advantages of high detection sensitivity, low ambient noise and small crosstalk between systems.
【学位授予单位】：南京理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP212

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