多参数空气质量在线监测系统

发布时间：2018-03-15 01:01

本文选题：空气质量监测　切入点：LoRa　出处：《苏州科技大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：地球上洁净的空气是人类生存的必要条件,空气可以通过自然沉降、降水、阳光中紫外线的照射等方式完成自我净化。如今全球经济发展迅速,工业废气、汽车尾气的排放量增加,城市空气污染逐渐加重。只有对空气质量进行监测,才能了解空气质量的状况,及时做出防治措施,同时为城市居民提供生活地区周边空气质量数据。针对目前国家环保部官方网站以及各大空气质量查询平台所提供的数据存在地点不够准确、数据不够详细等问题,设计了多参数空气质量在线监测系统,弥补了上述不足,实现了精细化监测。系统利用多点分布的多个传感器采集数据,将无线传感器网络与LoRa通信技术和GPRS通信技术相结合,解决了多参数数据采集、无线数据传输等问题。论文主要工作如下:首先,设计了多参数空气质量在线监测系统。分布在城市不同地区的传感器节点采集多项空气质量参数,包括温湿度、CO2、CO、SO2、NO2、PM2.5,多个传感器节点与一个网关节点组成星型无线传感器网络,通过LoRa通信技术进行相互通信,网关节点将各传感器节点的数据通过GPRS模块传输至服务器,可以通过客户端、手机端、Web端等多种方式查询监测数据。其次,设计并实现了系统的硬件和软件部分。硬件电路部分包括了光纤气体传感器、PM2.5传感器检测空气参数的相关电路;传感器节点主控器MSP430的外围电路,LoRa通信模块SX1276的接收和发射电路;网关节点主控器STM32外围电路以及与GPRS模块SIM900A相连的串口电路。软件部分包括传感器节点数据采集,网关节点与传感器节点之间通信,网关节点数据传输与报警,以及上位机查询软件的设计。最后,实现多参数空气质量在线监测系统并测试。按照设计要求在校内搭建了测试系统,并对系统采集数据进行分析,对光纤气体传感器进行校准,对组网通信进行测试最大程度保证通信的质量与距离。通过测试表明系统可以长时间稳定运行,可实现多参数采集,远距离传输,可以应用于城市空气质量监测、产生易燃易爆气体工厂的监控等。
[Abstract]:Clean air on the earth is a necessary condition for human survival. Air can be purified by natural deposition, precipitation, ultraviolet rays in the sun and so on. Only by monitoring air quality can we understand the situation of air quality and make timely preventive measures. At the same time, it provides urban residents with air quality data around the living areas. In view of the current problems such as the location of the data provided by the official website of the Ministry of Environmental Protection and the major air quality query platforms, the data are not accurate enough, and the data are not enough detailed, and so on. A multi-parameter on-line air quality monitoring system is designed, which makes up for the above shortcomings and realizes fine monitoring. The system combines wireless sensor network with LoRa communication technology and GPRS communication technology by using multi-point distributed multi-sensor to collect data. The main work of this paper is as follows: firstly, a multi-parameter air quality on-line monitoring system is designed. The sensor nodes distributed in different areas of the city collect a number of air quality parameters. Including the temperature and humidity of CO2CO2COSO2NO2P2.5. the star wireless sensor network is composed of multiple sensor nodes and a gateway node, which communicates with each other through LoRa communication technology. The gateway node transmits the data of each sensor node to the server through the GPRS module. The monitoring data can be queried by client, mobile phone and Web. Secondly, the hardware and software of the system are designed and implemented. The peripheral circuit of the sensor node master controller MSP430 and the receiving and transmitting circuit of the LoRa communication module SX1276, the peripheral circuit of the gateway node master controller STM32 and the serial port circuit connected with the GPRS module SIM900A. Communication between gateway node and sensor node, data transmission and alarm of gateway node, and design of upper computer query software. Finally, The multi-parameter air quality on-line monitoring system is realized and tested. According to the design requirements, the testing system is built in the school, and the data collected by the system are analyzed, and the optical fiber gas sensor is calibrated. The test results show that the system can run stably for a long time, can realize multi-parameter acquisition and long-distance transmission, and can be applied to urban air quality monitoring. Production of flammable and explosive gas factory monitoring and so on.
【学位授予单位】：苏州科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP274

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