无刷电机控制系统中的若干问题研究

发布时间：2018-03-22 07:38

本文选题：永磁无刷直流电机　切入点：换相电流脉动　出处：《浙江大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：永磁无刷直流电机因其高效性和控制简单,已获得广泛应用,并开始在一些有特殊要求的军工场合获得应用。本文基于永磁无刷直流电机的短时力矩提升以及带负载总停并锁定两个特殊军工应用场合,针对大电感重载情况相电流移位导致转矩下降问题以及带载急速制动并锁定的制动力矩可控性和锁定力矩的跟随性问题进行了研究。本文首先分析了永磁无刷直流电机低速运行时电流环PWM_ON调制方式换相期间的换流特点,针对由PWM_ON调制引起的换相电流脉动提出特定占空比增量控制法,在电机低速运行时能够完全抑制换流脉动。仿真及实验结果验证了理论的可行性。其次,就大电感重载情况短时力矩提升问题,本文从提升单位电流的转矩着手,采用换相角提前使相电流中线与反电势中线重合的控制方式,在相电流对称的前提下,推导出换相超前角公式,解决相电流相位滞后问题,从而实现单位电流输出转矩的提升。仿真和实验结果表明,采用超前相位角法能够明显提升输出转矩。再次,本文就永磁无刷直流电机带负载急停锁定问题,提出逐周期限流反接制动控制法,在保证急速制动的前提下获得可控的制动力矩;当电机转速降低到给定值后,采用不对称跟随锁定方法,按HALL位置区间进行转子位置跟随,并利用不对称制动转矩锁定转子位置。仿真结果表明了理论的有效性。另外,文章还详细介绍了基于TI公司TMS320F28069控制芯片的驱动控制硬件平台,在该平台上完成了上文实验验证,并通过CAN通讯实现了上位机对电机运行状态的监测,包括状态监督以及发送指令控制。
[Abstract]:Permanent magnet brushless DC motor has been widely used because of its high efficiency and simple control. In this paper, based on the short-time torque lifting of permanent magnet brushless DC motor and the two special military applications with total stop and lock with load, the application of permanent magnet brushless DC motor is studied. In this paper, the problem of torque drop caused by phase current shift under heavy load with large inductance, the controllability of braking torque with rapid braking and locking with load and the following problem of locking torque are studied. In this paper, the brushless straightness of permanent magnet is first analyzed. Commutation characteristics of current Loop PWM_ON Modulation Mode during low Speed Operation of current Motor, For the commutation current pulsation caused by PWM_ON modulation, a special duty cycle increment control method is proposed, which can completely suppress the commutation pulsation at low speed. The simulation and experimental results verify the feasibility of the theory. In view of the problem of short time torque lifting in the case of heavy load of large inductance, this paper starts with the torque of unit current of lifting, and adopts the control mode of changing phase angle in advance to make the central line of phase current coincide with the center line of reverse EMF in advance, under the premise of symmetry of phase current. The formula of phase commutation advance angle is derived to solve the phase current phase lag problem, thus the unit current output torque is raised. The simulation and experimental results show that the advanced phase angle method can obviously enhance the output torque. In this paper, a cycle by cycle current limiting reverse braking control method is proposed to lock the permanent magnet brushless DC motor with a load, and a controllable braking moment is obtained on the premise of rapid braking, and when the motor speed is reduced to a given value, the speed of the motor is reduced to a given value when the speed of the motor is reduced to a given value. The asymmetric following-locking method is used to follow the rotor position according to the HALL position range, and the rotor position is locked by the asymmetric braking torque. The simulation results show the validity of the theory. This paper also introduces the driver and control hardware platform based on TI's TMS320F28069 control chip in detail. The above experimental verification is completed on the platform, and the monitoring of the running status of the motor by the upper computer is realized through CAN communication. This includes state monitoring and command control.
【学位授予单位】：浙江大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TM33;TP273

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