矿井顺煤流输送系统节能优化控制技术研究

发布时间：2018-03-22 08:30

本文选题：多级带式输送机　切入点：速度控制　出处：《太原理工大学》2017年硕士论文　论文类型：学位论文

【摘要】：作为一种散状物料的运输设备,带式输送机具有运行效率高、输送物料多、运输距离长、维护成本低等优点而被广泛应用在矿井、码头和石油等领域。在煤炭的运输过程中,带式输送机的运行功耗普遍偏高,主要有两个方面的原因,一方面,带式输送机以高速运行,而输送带上的煤量一般达不到原先设计的标准值,有时甚至空载运行;另一方面,多级带式输送机普遍采用逆煤流启动方式,在各级带式输送机依次启动完毕且稳定运行后,才给输送带上煤。这两个方面都极大地增加了带式输送机的轻载或空载运行时间,造成了不必要的机械磨损,浪费了大量的电能。因此,矿井顺煤流输送系统节能优化控制技术的研究势在必行。为了达到煤流输送系统的节能要求,本文从三个方面进行了研究,其一,通过带速与运量的优化匹配,提出了带式输送机速度控制的节能技术,实现了“煤多快拉,煤少慢拉”的目标;其二,基于速度控制,依次计算各级带式输送机的启动延时时间,提出了顺煤流启动节能技术,缩短了带式输送机的空载运行时间;其三,综合前两种节能技术,进行了带式输送机瞬间加速时间控制的节能优化实验。根据适当降低带速可以使输送带上物料横截面积达到最大的前提,提出了带式输送机速度控制的节能技术。并分析了节能技术的原理、煤矿带式输送机的落料形式;鉴于煤炭生产的间断性,驱动带式输送机的电机经常以非最佳工况点运行,且带式输送机的速度不能进行频繁地调节,建立了带速与运量的阶梯匹配模型;在带式输送机瞬间加速过程中,设置了合理的速度和加速度曲线,得到了最小加速时间的计算方法。在研究已有的多级带式输送机顺煤流启动方法的基础上,提出了基于速度控制的顺煤流启动节能技术。通过比较各种速度和加速度曲线,设计了“S”形软启动速度曲线表达式;为了更好地实现多级带式输送机的顺煤流启动过程,采取了相应的过程故障保护措施;结合实际煤炭运输现场的数据,对基于速度控制的顺煤流启动节能技术进行了仿真分析,即建立了具体的带速与运量阶梯匹配模型,求解了瞬间加速过程中的加速度及最小加速时间,模拟了四级带式输送机的顺煤流启动及相应的加速过程,从功率消耗和空载运行时间两个方面,进行了节能计算分析,结果表明,节能效率为6.2%,一天节省的空载运行时间为0.97h。鉴于带式输送机速度控制的节能技术和基于速度控制的顺煤流启动节能技术,都涉及带式输送机在短时间内的加速过程,因此,本文设计了带式输送机瞬间加速时间控制的节能优化实验,包括硬件的选型、电气原理图的设计、硬件设备的安装、PLC程序的编写和触摸屏画面的绘制。在进行带式输送机速度的检测与控制实验的基础上,开展了瞬间加速时间控制的节能优化实验,通过实验测试及节能分析,结果表明,按照在瞬间加速过程中设置的加速度,计算得到的最小加速时间符合实验要求,且有利于节能降耗和减少不必要的机械损耗。
[Abstract]:As a bulk material transport equipment, high operation efficiency of belt conveyor, conveying material, long distance transport, low maintenance costs and is widely used in mines, docks and oil fields. In the process of coal transportation in the operation of power consumption of the belt conveyor is generally high, the main reason. Two aspects on the one hand, the belt conveyor running at high speed, and the amount of coal conveying belt of the original design is generally not up to the standard value, sometimes even no-load operation; on the other hand, commonly used flow start-up mode inverse multistage belt conveyor of coal belt conveyor, in order to start finished and stable operation at all levels later, to the coal belt. These two aspects have greatly increased the belt conveyor of light load or no-load running time, causing unnecessary mechanical wear, waste a lot of power. Therefore, the mine coal seam section flow conveying system Can it is imperative to research on optimal control technology. In order to achieve the requirements of energy-saving coal conveying system, is studied in this paper, from three aspects, through the optimization of belt speed and volume, with energy saving technology of conveyor speed control is proposed to achieve the "coal fast, less coal slow pull" target; second, based on speed control, are calculated at all levels of the belt conveyor start delay time, put forward the coal flow smoothly starting energy-saving technology, shorten the idle running time of belt conveyor; third, the former two kinds of comprehensive energy saving technology, the energy-saving optimization of experimental instantaneous acceleration time control of belt conveyor. According to the appropriate reduction the conveyor belt speed can reach the maximum cross sectional area of material premise, with energy-saving technology conveyor speed control is put forward. And analyzed the principle of energy saving technology, material forms of belt conveyor in coal mine; In view of the discontinuity of coal production, motor driving belt conveyor often run in non optimal operating point, and the speed of the belt conveyor can not be adjusted frequently, a ladder belt speed and volume matching model; in an instant acceleration process of belt conveyor, set the velocity and acceleration curves obtained reasonable. The minimum acceleration time calculation method. In the multi belt conveyor of the existing basis starting method of coal flow, the speed control of coal flow smoothly start based on energy saving technology. By comparing the curve of velocity and acceleration, the design of "S" shaped soft start speed curve expression; in order to realize the multi band type the conveyor along the coal flow starting process, take corresponding measures to protect the process of failure; combined with the actual data of coal transportation field, the speed control of coal flow smoothly start energy saving technology based on Simulation analysis is carried out, namely the establishment of a specific belt speed and volume ladder matching model, solving the instantaneous acceleration in the process of acceleration and the minimum acceleration time, coal flow smoothly and the corresponding start acceleration process of four belt conveyor were simulated from the power consumption and the no-load running between the two aspects were calculated the analysis results show that, energy saving, energy saving efficiency is 6.2%, the idle running time of saving the day for 0.97h. in view of energy saving technology with conveyor speed control and speed control of coal flow smoothly starting energy-saving technology based on related acceleration process of belt conveyor in a short period of time. Therefore, this paper designed experimental instantaneous acceleration energy optimization time control of belt conveyor, including hardware selection, design of electrical principle diagram, hardware installation, drawing program PLC and touch screen in belt conveyor speed. Based on the experiment of detection and control, energy saving optimization experiments carried out instantaneous acceleration time control, through analysis, experimental test and energy saving results show that according to the set in the moment to accelerate the process of acceleration, the minimum acceleration time is calculated in accordance with the experimental requirements, and is conducive to saving energy and reducing mechanical loss is not necessary.

【学位授予单位】：太原理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TD634.1

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