应用于温室大棚智能监控系统的WSN设计与实现

发布时间：2018-03-24 08:37

本文选题：温室大棚　切入点：智能监控　出处：《杭州电子科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着射频通信技术与传感器技术的发展,无线传感器网络(WSN)在智慧农业中的应用成为当下备受关注的热门研究领域之一。温室大棚是农业生产中重要的基础设施,其发展状况直接体现着农业生产力水平。通过无线传感器网络,自动监测温室大棚的环境参数,以达到适合作物生长的最优化设置,可以有效提升农业生产效率和质量。本文从实际应用出发,提出了应用于温室大棚智能监控系统的无线传感器网络设计与实现。现有的无线网络协议栈,如WIFI、ZigBee、Bluetooth等,对微处理器和无线芯片有较高的性能要求,导致搭建无线传感器网络的硬件成本高。本文设计了一种新型轻量级无线通信协议栈,使其可以运行于低端处理器,同时降低对无线通信设备的要求,达到减少构建无线传感器网络硬件成本的目的。本文设计了温室大棚智能监控系统总体架构与采集器、中继器、基站的具体实现方式。采集器通过SHT10、BH1750、MG811等传感器采集空气温湿度、光照强度、CO_2浓度等环境参数,以无线方式上传到中继器。中继器主要起数据转发的作用,向上转发业务数据,向下转发控制命令。中继器基于STM32平台,搭载FreeRTOS嵌入式实时操作系统,具备多网卡功能,通过CC2510与采集器通信,2.4GHz无线通信具有更快的传输速率;通过SX1278与基站进行通信,在433MHz频段采用LoRa扩频技术使其拥有更远的传输距离。基站对数据进行解析存储等工作,通过GPRS定时向远程服务器上传数据。服务器的数据中心平台对数据进行统一管理,可查询节点状态或下发控制命令。本论文主要阐述嵌入式软件设计,包括轻量级无线通信协议栈设计,以及采集器、中继器、基站的程序流程设计。测试结果表明,自主设计的轻量级无线通信协议栈具有代码量小、占用内存少、硬件兼容性高、可移植性强等特点,有助于构建低成本无线传感器网络。本文设计的温室大棚智能监控系统行之有效,软硬件开发成本较低,实用性强,在智慧农业领域具有良好的应用前景。
[Abstract]:With the development of radio frequency communication technology and sensor technology, the application of wireless sensor network (WSN) in intelligent agriculture has become one of the hot research fields. Greenhouse greenhouse is an important infrastructure in agricultural production. Its development directly reflects the level of agricultural productivity. Through wireless sensor networks, the environmental parameters of greenhouse are automatically monitored in order to achieve the optimal setting suitable for crop growth. This paper presents the design and implementation of wireless sensor network used in greenhouse intelligent monitoring system. The existing wireless network protocol stack, such as WiFi ZigBeeBluetooth, is used to improve the efficiency and quality of agricultural production. This paper designs a new lightweight wireless communication protocol stack, which can run on the low-end processor, because of the high performance requirement of microprocessor and wireless chip, which leads to the high hardware cost of building wireless sensor network. At the same time, the requirement of wireless communication equipment is reduced to reduce the hardware cost of building wireless sensor network. This paper designs the whole architecture, collector and repeater of intelligent monitoring system in greenhouse. The specific implementation mode of the base station. The collector collects the environmental parameters such as air temperature and humidity, illumination intensity and CO2 concentration through sensors such as SHT10H1750MG811, and uploads them to the repeater wirelessly. The repeater mainly plays the role of data forwarding and forwards the service data up. The repeater is based on STM32 platform, runs FreeRTOS embedded real-time operating system, has the function of multi-network card, communicates with the collector through CC2510 and has a faster transmission rate of 2.4GHz wireless communication, and communicates with the base station through SX1278. In the 433MHz band, LoRa spread spectrum technology is adopted to make it have longer transmission distance. The base station analyzes and stores the data, uploads the data to the remote server periodically through GPRS. The data center platform of the server manages the data uniformly. This paper mainly describes embedded software design, including lightweight wireless communication protocol stack design, as well as the collector, repeater, base station program flow design. The test results show that, The self-designed lightweight wireless communication protocol stack has the characteristics of small code, less memory, high hardware compatibility, strong portability, etc. The intelligent monitoring system designed in this paper is effective, the development cost of hardware and software is relatively low, the practicability is strong, and it has a good application prospect in the field of intelligent agriculture.
【学位授予单位】：杭州电子科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN929.5;TP212.9;TP277

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