结合光遗传神经调控技术的仿生嗅觉传感系统的研究进展

发布时间：2018-03-25 04:26

本文选题：嗅觉　切入点：光遗传　出处：《科学通报》2017年31期

【摘要】：嗅觉系统是一个极其巧妙的化学感受器,嗅感觉神经元对外界的气味刺激产生响应,然后将此信号传递到嗅球进行信号的整合和处理,最终传递到嗅皮层,嗅皮层作为嗅感觉系统的最高级皮层识别出气味信息,这种响应和传递过程具有高度的灵敏性、特异性和快速性.光遗传学是近年来国际上一个新的发展方向,通过光控制神经细胞可诱发细胞按照某一特定频率发放.仿生嗅觉传感器是一种新型化学传感仿生技术,它以嗅觉受体、细胞、组织等生物材料为敏感元件,结合二级变换器实现对气味物质的特异性和高灵敏的检测,从而达到类似生物体嗅觉的检测性能,将其与光遗传技术结合,可以更深入研究仿生嗅觉系统传递的机制.本文概述了近年来国际上光遗传技术在嗅觉机制研究中的研究进展,并结合光遗传在仿生嗅觉传感技术的研究和我们的研究工作,展望了未来该领域可能的发展前景.
[Abstract]:The olfactory system is an extremely ingenious chemical receptor in which the olfactory sensory neurons respond to external odour stimuli, which are then transmitted to the olfactory bulb for signal integration and processing, and ultimately to the olfactory cortex. The olfactory cortex, as the most advanced cortex of the olfactory sensory system, recognizes odor information. This process of response and transmission is highly sensitive, specific and rapid. Photogenetics is a new development direction in the world in recent years. A bionic olfactory sensor is a new type of chemical sensing bionic technology, which uses biomaterials such as olfactory receptors, cells, tissues and other biological materials as sensitive elements. Combining the two-stage converter to realize the specific and highly sensitive detection of odorous substances, so as to achieve the olfactory detection performance of similar organisms, and combine it with photogenetic technology. The mechanism of bionic olfactory system transmission can be further studied in this paper. This paper summarizes the recent advances in the research of olfactory mechanism in the international photogenetic technology, and combines the research of photogenetics in bionic olfactory sensing technology and our research work. The prospect of the future development in this field is prospected.
【作者单位】：浙江大学生物医学工程与仪器科学学院生物传感器国家专业实验室生物医学工程教育部重点实验室;
【基金】：国家自然科学基金重大国际合作项目(61320106002) 浙江省公益专项(2015C34010)资助
【分类号】：Q811;TP212

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