三维GIS在玉米精准作业模拟监测系统中的研究与应用

发布时间：2018-03-26 02:39

本文选题：三维GIS　切入点：SketchUp　出处：《吉林农业大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：农业作为我国第一大产业,精准作业是实现农业高效可持续发展的重要基础性工作。近年来随着信息技术的发展,以3S(GIS、GPS和RS)、物联网、云计算和大数据为代表的新一代信息技术,正在不断地应用于农业的各个领域,推动精准农业的发展。其中,GIS的应用开发、农田环境和土壤墒情监测是实施“精准农业”实践的关键技术,随着计算机技术以及三维模拟技术的日益发展,三维GIS的发展与应用也日趋成熟,三维GIS不仅可以真实地对客观世界进行感知,将空间地理信息呈现给用户,还可以对空间对象进行三维空间分析操作,但目前三维GIS在农业领域发展应用较少。本文以国家星火计划“基于物联网的玉米精准作业技术集成与示范”等课题为依托。通过对物联网技术,数据挖掘技术,三维GIS技术以及智能决策技术的有效结合,进行了基于三维GIS的玉米精准作业模拟仿真系统的研究与开发,主要内容如下:(1)利用物联网技术,构建一个实时监测农田环境系统,实现对农田地下4个层次(0-20cm,20-40cm,40-60cm,60-80cm)土壤温湿度和空气温湿度的动态监测。(2)使用SketchUp快速建立三维模型,实现三维场景的构建。(3)将生成的三维模型与ArcGIS相结合,对精准作业示范区的环境进行模拟,实现三维场景的驱动。(4)基于热点分析和空间聚类算法进行农安县耕层地力资源的分类研究,在一定程度上为乡域范围耕层地力资源功能分区与差别化管控及农田精准作业的实施提供了决策依据。(5)结合以上研究成果,基于.NET平台进行了系统的研发,系统的主要功能包括场景浏览、地理信息查询、动态监测、空间分析、产量预测、精准施肥六个模块,系统实现了精准农业作业区三维虚拟场景的可视化展示,并在一定程度上为该区域土壤墒情动态监测、差别化管控及农田精准作业的实施提供了决策依据,为人们提供一种新的农田规划和管理理念。
[Abstract]:Agriculture is the largest industry in China, and precision operation is an important basic work to realize the efficient and sustainable development of agriculture. In recent years, with the development of information technology, the new generation of information technology, represented by 3SGIS-GPS, RSX, Internet of things, cloud computing and big data, has emerged. The application of GIS, farmland environment and soil moisture monitoring are the key technologies to implement the practice of precision agriculture. With the development of computer technology and 3D simulation technology, the development and application of 3D GIS is becoming more and more mature. 3D GIS can not only truly perceive the objective world, but also present spatial geographic information to users. You can also do three-dimensional spatial analysis of space objects. However, there are few applications of 3D GIS in agriculture at present. This paper is based on the National Spark Program "Integration and demonstration of Maize Precision Operation Technology based on Internet of things". Through the technology of Internet of things, data mining technology, With the effective combination of 3D GIS technology and intelligent decision technology, the research and development of maize precision job simulation system based on 3D GIS are carried out. The main contents are as follows: 1) using the technology of Internet of things to construct a real-time monitoring farmland environment system. To realize the dynamic monitoring of soil temperature and humidity and air temperature and humidity by using SketchUp to establish 3D model quickly, and to realize the construction of 3D scene. The 3D model can be combined with ArcGIS. The environment of precision operation demonstration area is simulated, and the driving force of 3D scene is realized. (4) based on hot spot analysis and spatial clustering algorithm, the classification of topsoil resources in Nong'an County is studied. To a certain extent, it provides a decision basis for the functional partition, differential management and control of cultivated land resources and the implementation of farmland precision operations in rural areas. Combined with the above research results, a systematic research and development based on .NET platform is carried out. The main functions of the system include scene browsing, geographic information query, dynamic monitoring, spatial analysis, yield prediction and precision fertilization. To a certain extent, it provides a decision basis for dynamic monitoring of soil moisture, differential control and implementation of precision operation of farmland, and provides a new concept of farmland planning and management for people.
【学位授予单位】：吉林农业大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：S513;TP274

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