基于ZigBee的实验室环境监测系统设计与实现

发布时间：2018-03-29 07:04

本文选题：实验室　切入点：ZigBee　出处：《沈阳理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：实验室作为高等院校进行教学和科研的重要场所,存放着种类众多的精密科研仪器,也有一些易燃、易爆、剧毒等危险物品,加之使用频繁,人员集中且流动性大,常有突发性事故发生,在严重威胁到师生人身安全的同时,还会给学校带来巨大财产损失。因此如何以较低的投入,保证科研仪器运行环境的安全可靠,确保危险物品的存放安全,尽可能消除对人身和财产安全的隐患,已成为社会关注的问题。在此背景下,针对高等院校实验室环境监测需求,本文通过对ZigBee技术、无线传感器网络技术、ZigBee抗干扰技术的研究,设计了基于ZigBee的实验室环境监测系统。另外对相关干扰技术进行研究,使得系统能够抵御WiFi干扰,实现无线传感器网络对温湿度及红外数据的采集、传输和处理,最终达到对实验室环境进行监测的目的。本文取得的具体成果有以下几方面:(1)结合高校对实验室监测系统的需求,本文设计了监测系统总体结构:利用无线传感器网络对环境进行数据采集,并通过协调器的USB串口与PC端相连接,PC端的上位机通过对数据包的分析处理,将相关信息存储至数据库,最后通过对数据库的连接和访问,实现对数据的统计和展示。在节点硬件选型方面,对目前市场上存在的多种型号芯片进行了分析对比,结合成本的考虑,本系统决定采用TI公司的CC2530芯片,成都无线龙公司的SMBD-14底板、GDH的高精温湿度传感器和HC-SR501人体红外探测传感器。(2)通过分析目前存在的干扰检测技术和干扰规避技术,发现大部分检测方法仅通过接收信号强度指示或误包率来判断网络是否正在遭受WiFi干扰,而这种判断并不准确。因此本文提出了一种基于链路质量和PER的干扰检测改进方法,该方法通过对普通节点和重要节点误包率、出现误包率节点所占的比重、链路质量以及接收信号强度指示的综合判断,最终决定是否存在WiFi干扰。在干扰规避方法中,发部分算法即耗时又耗资源。因此本文改进了信道选择方式,采取前后扫描的方式,直到发现合适的信道,提高了规避速度。(3)利用C及C#开发语言,在IAR Embedded Workbench 8.10开发平台实现了ZigBee网络的设计,包括:初始化网络、建立网络路由、温湿度和人体红外采集、节点暂时脱离网络处理、探测故障节点;在Visual Studio 2010开发环境实现了上位机和网站的开发;在SQL Server 2008 R2数据库管理系统实现了数据库创建与数据存储。最终完成了基于ZigBee的实验室环境监测系统的设计,实现了对环境信息的采集、传输、分析处理、存储和统计展示,对用户信息和被监测房间信息的管理,并对系统进行了详细的性能测试。
[Abstract]:As an important place for teaching and scientific research in colleges and universities, the laboratory stores many kinds of precision scientific research instruments, as well as some dangerous materials, such as flammable, explosive, highly toxic, and so on. In addition, they are frequently used, and their personnel are concentrated and mobile. Sudden accidents often occur, which seriously threaten the safety of teachers and students, and at the same time bring huge losses of property to schools. Therefore, how to ensure the safety and reliability of the operating environment of scientific research instruments with lower investment, It has become a social concern to ensure the storage safety of dangerous goods and eliminate the hidden danger to the personal and property safety as far as possible. Under this background, aiming at the needs of laboratory environment monitoring in colleges and universities, this paper adopts the ZigBee technology, Based on the research of ZigBee anti-jamming technology, a laboratory environment monitoring system based on ZigBee is designed. In addition, the related jamming technology is studied to make the system resist WiFi interference. To realize the collection, transmission and processing of temperature and humidity and infrared data in wireless sensor network, Finally achieve the purpose of monitoring the laboratory environment. The concrete results obtained in this paper are as follows: 1) combined with the requirements of the laboratory monitoring system in colleges and universities, The overall structure of the monitoring system is designed in this paper: the data collection is carried out by using wireless sensor network, and the PC terminal is connected to the PC through the USB serial port of the coordinator, and the data packet is analyzed and processed. The related information is stored to the database. Finally, through the connection and access to the database, the statistics and display of the data are realized. In the aspect of node hardware selection, the paper analyzes and compares the various types of chips that exist in the market at present. Considering the cost, the system decided to adopt TI's CC2530 chip. Chengdu Wireless Dragon Company's SMBD-14 bottom board GDH high precision temperature and humidity sensor and HC-SR501 human body infrared detection sensor. 2) by analyzing the existing interference detection technology and interference circumvention technology, It is found that most detection methods only judge whether the network is suffering from WiFi interference by receiving signal strength indication or packet error rate, but this judgment is not accurate. Therefore, an improved interference detection method based on link quality and PER is proposed in this paper. This method determines whether there is WiFi interference or not by synthetically judging the packet error rate of common node and important node, the proportion of the node with packet error rate, the link quality and the indication of received signal strength. The algorithm is time consuming and resource consuming. Therefore, this paper improves the channel selection method, adopts the way of scanning before and after, until the appropriate channel is found, and improves the speed of evading. 3) using C and C # development languages. The design of ZigBee network is realized on the IAR Embedded Workbench 8.10 development platform, including: initializing the network, setting up the network route, collecting temperature and humidity and infrared data of human body, leaving the network processing temporarily, detecting the fault node; The host computer and website are developed in the Visual Studio 2010 development environment, the database creation and data storage are realized in the SQL Server 2008 R2 database management system. Finally, the design of the laboratory environment monitoring system based on ZigBee is completed. It realizes the collection, transmission, analysis and processing of environmental information, storage and statistical display, management of user information and monitored room information, and the detailed performance test of the system.
【学位授予单位】：沈阳理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP274

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