基于光纤光栅多参数监测系统及其在煤与瓦斯突出模型试验应用研究

发布时间：2018-04-01 05:04

本文选题：光纤光栅　切入点：煤与瓦斯突出　出处：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：煤与瓦斯突出是一种严重的煤矿动力灾害。近年来,随着煤矿开采强度和深度的不断增加,矿井地质条件更加复杂,煤与瓦斯突出问题愈加严峻。现阶段,煤与瓦斯突出灾害尚未得到有效遏制,其根本原因在于缺乏揭示灾害定量演化过程、发生机理及发生条件的有效手段。由于煤与瓦斯突出灾害发生于瞬间,灾害演化过程现场数据难以获得,数值模拟仿真方法难以模拟如此复杂的灾害发生条件,地质力学模拟试验成为研究典型条件下煤与瓦斯突出灾害的有效手段。目前煤矿安全监测中以传统电子、机械方式为主,测量参数单一,且系统响应频率低,难以实现实时监测;电类传感器体积大、受易电磁干扰,且容易产生电火花,影响煤矿安全。本文针对煤与瓦斯突出地质力学模型试验的特殊需求,研制开发了专用的传感器与监测系统。从光纤光栅传感原理出发,充分考虑传感器体积、材料、结构形式与被测环境的匹配问题,借助有限元仿真方法,研制了专用的微型光纤光栅传感器。主要研制了基于金属膜片的微型光纤光栅土压力传感器。试验表明该传感器线性度好、稳定性高。在此基础上,对厚度不同的承压金属膜片进行详细分析,对金属膜片进行改进,研制了微型光纤光栅气压传感器。同时研制了以模型试验材料为载体的光纤光栅应变块,并开发了微型光纤光栅温度传感器。在此基础上,构建了适用于煤与瓦斯突出灾害监测的多参数实时监测系统。同时,系统地分析了监测系统软件需求,开发了适用于煤与瓦斯突出灾害监测的软件系统,基于客户端/服务器模式(C/S),采用Microsoft Visual C++环境编写了系统软件,主要包括配置管理、数据采集、数据处理、数据曲线图显示、历史查询等模块。最后将研制的煤与瓦斯突出灾害多参数实时监测系统应用于地质力学模型试验,实现了模型模拟加载地应力和充填气体过程中土压力、气压、应变、温度等参数的实时监测,并对数据变化趋势进行了分析,为后期开挖试验提供了数据支撑。
[Abstract]:Coal and gas outburst is a serious power disaster in coal mine. In recent years, with the increasing of mining intensity and depth, the geological conditions of coal mine become more complicated, and the problem of coal and gas outburst becomes more serious. Coal and gas outburst disasters have not been effectively contained, the fundamental reason lies in the lack of effective means to reveal the quantitative evolution process, occurrence mechanism and occurrence conditions of the disasters, because the coal and gas outburst disasters occur in an instant. The field data of disaster evolution process is difficult to obtain, and the numerical simulation method is difficult to simulate the occurrence conditions of such a complex disaster. The geomechanical simulation test has become an effective means to study coal and gas outburst disasters under typical conditions. At present, the traditional electronic and mechanical methods are the main means of coal mine safety monitoring, the measurement parameters are single, and the system response frequency is low. It is difficult to realize the real-time monitoring, the electric sensors are large in volume, easy to be interfered by electromagnetic, and easy to produce electric sparks, which will affect the safety of coal mines. This paper aims at the special requirements of the geological mechanics model test of coal and gas outburst. A special sensor and monitoring system is developed. Based on the principle of fiber Bragg grating sensing, the matching problems of sensor volume, material, structure form and measured environment are fully considered, and the finite element simulation method is used. A special micro fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensor is developed. A micro FBG earth pressure sensor based on metal diaphragm is developed. The experimental results show that the sensor has good linearity and high stability. The pressure bearing metal diaphragm with different thickness is analyzed in detail, the metal diaphragm is improved, the micro fiber grating pressure sensor is developed, and the fiber Bragg grating strain block based on the model test material is developed. On the basis of this, a multi-parameter real-time monitoring system for monitoring coal and gas outburst disaster is constructed. At the same time, the software requirement of the monitoring system is analyzed systematically. A software system suitable for monitoring coal and gas outburst disaster is developed. Based on client / server mode C / S, the system software is compiled with Microsoft Visual C environment, including configuration management, data acquisition, data processing and data graph display. Finally, the multi-parameter real-time monitoring system for coal and gas outburst disaster is applied to the geomechanical model test. The model simulates the earth pressure, pressure and strain in the process of loading the earth stress and filling the gas, and realizes the simulation of the earth pressure, air pressure and strain in the process of loading the earth stress and filling the gas. The temperature and other parameters are monitored in real time, and the trend of data change is analyzed, which provides the data support for the later excavation test.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP212;TP274

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