抬吊作业安全监测系统设计

发布时间：2018-04-06 02:22

本文选题：抬吊作业　切入点：航姿仪　出处：《中北大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国当下正处于经济高速发展时期,而这样的高速发展自然伴随着现代化工业的快速发展。尤其是在基础设施的建设方面,比如大型发电厂、核电站等复杂、高危施工项目越来越频繁。因此,怎样进行安全有效的作业就变成了一个急需解决的难题。在大型电厂的建设过程中,由于设施的高度、重量都超出了一般水平,所以对大型起重设备严重依赖,例如抬吊、塔吊、履带吊。为了满足要求,有时候不得不使用大型起重机或多台起重机同时作业,这种高危作业模式急需一套新型的安全监测系统,预防事故的发生,使得工作能够顺利完成。本文主要对双机抬吊的工作原理和流程进行了仔细的分析和论证,按照甲方提出的技术指标进行控制系统的搭建,通过对钩绳偏离角度的实时监测实现预测和报警的功能。本课题在硬件方面选用STM32F103RCT6作为控制核心,并对控制电路、通信电路、电压监测电路、电源电路、蓝牙模块电路等进行了具体设计以及PCB制作,传感器选用AH100B航姿仪,之间使用MAX3232进行通信。蓝牙透传模块选用蜂汇B-0001来跟手机终端进行通信。软件方面采用C语言编写单片机控制程序,并结合卡尔曼滤波和坐标变换算法提高控制精度,最后采用Android程序设计手机app作为上位机显示终端。完成系统设计后,首先在实验室进行了系统硬件和软件方面的测试工作,之后还进行了施工现场的实地测试。系统通过对单机抬吊和双机抬吊两种模式的监测,操作人员可以通过智能终端显示得到钩绳的实时状态以及偏离的角度,控制精度小于0.1度,从而进行及时的调整,对事故的发生进行了有效的预测和报警,大大提高了施工的安全性。
[Abstract]:China is now in the period of rapid economic development, and such rapid development naturally accompanied by the rapid development of modern industry.Especially in the construction of infrastructure, such as large power plants, nuclear power plants and other complex, high-risk construction projects are increasingly frequent.Therefore, how to carry out safe and effective operations has become a difficult problem to be solved urgently.During the construction of large power plants, because the height and weight of the facilities are above the normal level, they rely heavily on large lifting equipment, such as lifting, tower cranes and crawler cranes.In order to meet the requirements, it is sometimes necessary to use large cranes or multiple cranes to work at the same time. A new safety monitoring system is urgently needed to prevent accidents and make the work complete smoothly.In this paper, the working principle and flow chart of double hoisting crane are analyzed and demonstrated carefully, the control system is built according to the technical index put forward by Party A, and the function of prediction and alarm is realized by monitoring the deviation angle of hook rope in real time.In the aspect of hardware, STM32F103RCT6 is chosen as the control core, and the control circuit, communication circuit, voltage monitoring circuit, power supply circuit, Bluetooth module circuit and so on are designed and made by PCB, and the sensor is composed of AH100B attitude instrument.Use MAX3232 to communicate between.Bluetooth transparent transmission module selected bee sink B-0001 to communicate with the mobile terminal.In the aspect of software, the single chip microcomputer control program is written in C language, and the control precision is improved by using Kalman filter and coordinate transformation algorithm. Finally, the Android program is used to design the mobile phone app as the display terminal of the upper computer.After the system design is finished, the hardware and software of the system are tested in the laboratory first, and then the field test of the construction site is carried out.The system can display the real time state and deviation angle of hook rope through intelligent terminal by monitoring the two modes of single machine lifting and double machine lifting, and the control precision is less than 0.1 degree, so that timely adjustment can be made.The accident is predicted and alerted effectively, and the safety of construction is greatly improved.
【学位授予单位】：中北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TH21;TP274

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