某办公建筑室内热环境模型的建立与控制方法研究

发布时间：2018-05-07 20:13

本文选题：室内热环境 + 机理建模　；参考：《西安建筑科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：办公建筑是人员密集的场所,室内热环境会直接影响办公人员的工作效率,因此对办公建筑室内热环境的调节具有重要意义。调节室内热环境的主要设备是空调系统,为了确保室内热环境保持在人体舒适的范围内,对空调设备的调控非常重要。本文主要对办公建筑室内热环境模型建立及控制方法进行了研究,具体研究内容如下:1.首先将室内热环境的热传递物理过程进行数学描述,定量分析室内热环境与室外温度、室外太阳辐射以及建筑围护结构等的关系,然后通过模型线性化以及拉普拉斯变换,对数学描述的微分方程进行求解,得到描述室内热环境的模型。2.以某科研办公室为研究目标,确定室内热环境模型的参数,并在TRNSYS中搭建此办公室模型,利用TRNSYS中的气象数据及室内温度来验证通过机理分析建立模型的准确性,结果表明:该模型有一定的准确性和实用性。3.对室内热环境模型进行控制方法的研究,分别利用PID控制、基于遗传算法整定的PID以及增益调整型PID对室内热环境模型进行控制器的设计与仿真。通过仿真模拟得出:试凑法PID控制算法超调量较大及振荡较多,为了改善控制效果设计了基于遗传算法整定PID控制,结果表明:基于遗传整定的PID控制使室内热环境的上升时间为100s,且超调量仅为5.2%,但该方法整定的PID参数并不能随系统或干扰的改变而调整,因此设计了增益调整型模糊PID,对遗传整定的PID参数进行动态调整,结果表明:该控制算法能使室内热环境快速达到设定目标,而且超调小,还具有较强的抗干扰能力。
[Abstract]:Office building is a crowded place, the indoor thermal environment will directly affect the work efficiency of office staff, so it is of great significance to adjust the indoor thermal environment of office buildings. The main equipment for regulating indoor thermal environment is air conditioning system. In order to ensure that the indoor thermal environment is kept in the comfortable range of human body, it is very important to regulate the air conditioning equipment. In this paper, the establishment and control methods of indoor thermal environment model of office buildings are studied, and the specific research contents are as follows: 1. Firstly, the physical process of heat transfer in indoor thermal environment is described mathematically, and the relationship between indoor thermal environment and outdoor temperature, outdoor solar radiation and building enclosure is quantitatively analyzed. Then, the model linearization and Laplace transformation are used to analyze the relationship between indoor thermal environment and outdoor temperature, outdoor solar radiation and building enclosure. The mathematical differential equation is solved and the model. 2. 2 is obtained to describe the indoor thermal environment. Taking a scientific research office as the research goal, the parameters of the indoor thermal environment model are determined, and the model is built in TRNSYS. The accuracy of the model is verified by using the meteorological data and indoor temperature in TRNSYS. The results show that the model has some accuracy and practicability. The control method of indoor thermal environment model is studied. The controller of indoor thermal environment model is designed and simulated by using PID control, PID based on genetic algorithm tuning and gain adjusting PID. The simulation results show that the overshoot and oscillation of the trial and error PID control algorithm are large. In order to improve the control effect, a genetic algorithm based tuning PID control is designed. The results show that the rise time of indoor thermal environment is 100 s, and the overshoot is only 5.2, but the PID parameters can not be adjusted with the change of system or disturbance. Therefore, the gain adjusted fuzzy PIDs are designed to dynamically adjust the PID parameters of genetic tuning. The results show that the control algorithm can make the indoor thermal environment achieve the set goal quickly, and the overshoot is small, and it also has strong anti-interference ability.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU111;TP273

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