流化床热解装置控制系统的设计与仿真研究

发布时间：2018-05-08 12:08

本文选题：生物质热解 + PID控制　；参考：《天津科技大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：生物质的再利用在一定程度上可以解决环境问题,生物质主要是指一些农林废弃物及城市垃圾等。对这些生物质的回收再利用,不仅解决了其二次污染环境的问题,还可以“变废为宝”获得生活中所需的生活用品和生物燃料等。本课题研究的生物质热解技术装置控制系统的主要内容是系统辨识、系统算法仿真、系统验证三个部分。系统辨识是实现整个控制系统的基础,有了系统辨识出的系统模型,才能进行系统仿真。系统仿真主要是对控制算法和系统进行模拟与分析,控制算法是整个控制系统的核心,控制算法的优良决定了整个控制系统的控制质量的高低。系统验证是将实际控制过程并与仿真过程进行对比分析。本课题所研究的热解装置控制系统的控制算法主要采用了自适应模糊PID控制算法,该算法结合了模糊控制算法与PID控制算法,不仅结合了两者的优势,同时又避免了各自的劣势。本设计采用了 MATLAB进行系统辨识建模,并利用SIMULINK对传统PID算法,自适应模糊PID算法,基于遗传算法的PID控制算法以及滑模变结构的算法分别进行了仿真研究,分析了各自的优点与缺点。此外,还完成了整个系统硬件设计与软件设计。本设计的硬件系统主要包括:可触控平板计算机、PLC可编程逻辑控制器、模拟量输入模块、温度传感器、压力传感器、高温加热炉等。其软件系统主要完成了现场的温度采集与控制,读取系统的I/O变量状态,按已设定好的逻辑流程动行。本设计完成了上位机监控系统的设计与开发,具有参数设置,温度压力监控,绘制温度实时曲线,查询历史曲线,报警等功能。此外,还对整个系统进行了实验验证。实验结果显示,自适应模糊控制算法实现了良好的温度控制,整个系统工作良好。
[Abstract]:The reuse of biomass can solve the environmental problems to some extent. Biomass mainly refers to some agricultural and forestry wastes and municipal garbage. The recovery and reuse of these biomass can not only solve the problem of secondary environmental pollution, but also "turn waste into treasure" to obtain daily necessities and biofuels. The main contents of the control system of biomass pyrolysis device are system identification, system algorithm simulation and system verification. System identification is the basis of realizing the whole control system. The system simulation can be carried out only with the system model identified by the system. The system simulation is mainly to simulate and analyze the control algorithm and system. The control algorithm is the core of the whole control system. The fine control algorithm determines the control quality of the whole control system. System verification is to compare the actual control process with the simulation process. The control algorithm of the pyrolytic device control system studied in this paper mainly adopts the adaptive fuzzy PID control algorithm. The algorithm combines the fuzzy control algorithm and the PID control algorithm, which not only combines the advantages of the two algorithms. At the same time, it avoids their respective disadvantages. In this design, MATLAB is used to model the system identification, and the traditional PID algorithm, adaptive fuzzy PID algorithm, PID control algorithm based on genetic algorithm and sliding mode variable structure algorithm are simulated by SIMULINK. Their advantages and disadvantages are analyzed. In addition, the hardware and software design of the whole system is completed. The hardware system includes PLC programmable logic controller, analog input module, temperature sensor, pressure sensor, high temperature heating furnace and so on. The software system mainly completes the field temperature collection and control, reads the I / O variable state of the system, and moves according to the set logic flow. This design has completed the design and development of the upper computer monitoring system, which has the functions of parameter setting, temperature and pressure monitoring, drawing temperature real-time curve, querying historical curve, alarming and so on. In addition, the whole system is verified by experiments. Experimental results show that the adaptive fuzzy control algorithm achieves good temperature control and the whole system works well.
【学位授予单位】：天津科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP273;TK6

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