混合澄清槽控制系统设计

发布时间：2018-05-09 04:20

本文选题：溶剂萃取 + 串口服务器　；参考：《安徽理工大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：我国是以煤炭为主的能源消耗大国,能源资源的总量大,但人均占有量少。对能源的需求以及国际上对温室气体排放的限制,迫使我们寻找清洁、高效的新能源。由于受到地域、技术以及生态保护的约束,一些新能源不能从根本上改变我国能源短缺问题的现状。我国核能的利用占比小、核电技术成熟,铀等核资源丰富,且核能发电无污染、无温室气体,能够满足我国对能源的需求。采用溶剂萃取的原理,设计16级萃取、8级反萃的实验室用混合澄清槽系统,通过它建立可靠技术的小批量铀分离工艺可以为铀驱动反应堆所需燃料的提取打下基础。科学的混合澄清槽结构和溶剂以及合理准确的供液流量和搅拌速度是提取高纯度铀的关键。本混合澄清槽控制系统使用分布式的结构,只要在组态王开发的上位机进行操作,就可以对整个系统的各个组成部分进行管理、控制,它还能对系统运行数据进行存储、打印以方便工作人员对实验数据进行分析;数据的读取、命令的下发等远程控制功能都是通过以太网传输层实现的;而串口服务器的使用实现了现场不同设备的组网以及和传送层的通信,是传输层和现场层连接的纽带。整个系统主要分为流量控制部分和搅拌电机转速控制部分。恒流泵、流量反馈、上位机组成流量控制系统,PLC采集流量计的模拟量并以自由口通信的方式反馈流量值,其实现的控制核心思想是PID控制。上位机、搅拌电机及其控制器组成搅拌转速控制系统,搅拌电机控制器使用MODBUS协议通信,其实现的控制核心思想是PID和PWM波控制。在系统交付上海某研究后,我们对使用人员就系统的使用方法进行了培训。使用人员很快就能掌握设备的使用方法,还能通过监控界面对整个工艺过程有充分的了解。系统的数据存储、查询、打印功能满足了实验后对数据整理、分析的要求;系统精确的控制和友好的人机界面也得到了使用人员的肯定。在系统交付使用至今已有3年时间,期间没有出现问题,可见此混合澄清槽系统的稳定性非常好。
[Abstract]:China is a large energy consuming country with coal as the main source of energy, the total amount of energy resources is large, but the per capita possession is small. Demand for energy and international restrictions on greenhouse gas emissions force us to look for clean and efficient new sources of energy. Due to the constraints of region, technology and ecological protection, some new energy sources can not fundamentally change the current situation of energy shortage in China. The utilization of nuclear energy in China is small, the nuclear power technology is mature, the nuclear resources such as uranium are abundant, and the nuclear power generation is non-polluting and no greenhouse gas, which can meet the energy demand of our country. Based on the principle of solvent extraction, a laboratory mixed clarifier system for 16 stage extraction and 8 stage reverse extraction was designed. A reliable small batch separation process of uranium can be used to lay the foundation for the extraction of the fuel required for the uranium driven reactor. Scientific mixing clarifier structure, solvent, and reasonable and accurate flow rate and stirring rate are the key to extract highly enriched uranium. The mixed clarification slot control system uses a distributed structure. As long as it is operated on the upper computer developed by Kingview, it can manage and control all parts of the whole system, and it can also store the running data of the system. The remote control functions, such as reading data, sending commands and so on, are realized by Ethernet transport layer. The serial port server realizes the networking of different equipments and the communication between the transmission layer and the transmission layer, which is the link between the transmission layer and the field layer. The whole system is mainly divided into flow control part and stirring motor speed control part. The flow control system composed of constant flow pump, flow feedback and upper computer collects the analog quantity of Flowmeter and feedback the flow value by free port communication. The core idea of the control is PID control. The control system of stirring speed is composed of upper computer, stirring motor and its controller. The MODBUS protocol is used to communicate with the controller of stirring motor. The core idea of the control is PID and PWM wave control. After delivery of the system to a study in Shanghai, we trained the users on how to use the system. Users can quickly master the use of the equipment, and through the monitoring interface to fully understand the process. The functions of data storage, query and printing meet the requirements of data collation and analysis after experiment, and the precise control and friendly man-machine interface of the system are also affirmed by the users. It has been 3 years since the system was put into use. There is no problem during this period. It can be seen that the stability of the mixed clarifier system is very good.
【学位授予单位】：安徽理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP273

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