爆炸自由场冲击波测试系统设计

发布时间：2018-06-25 11:15

本文选题：自由场 + 冲击波　；参考：《中北大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：爆炸冲击波是表征武器毁伤效能的重要组成部分,冲击波超压、正压持续时间和冲量则是评价常规兵器毁伤效能的主要参数,精确的测得相关参数对弹药威力评估及研制有着非常重要的指导意义。目前冲击波测试一般分为地面超压测试和自由场超压测试,前者的作用过程受环境因素干扰明显,导致地面超压的测试结果与弹药实际威力评估的误差较大。而自由场超压测试是在周边没有障碍物或近似无影响下的条件下完成的,可提高测试的准确性,因此对爆炸自由场的冲击波测试方法研究显得尤为重要。鉴于此,本文采用存储测试原理完成了爆炸自由场冲击波测试系统的设计,主要包括系统结构、工作原理、软硬件设计、数据处理方法等,并将同步技术应用其中,使相互独立工作的系统之间具有统一的时间基准,从而为数据处理提供可靠依据。本文首先对比了不同类型压力传感器的优缺点,选用了PCB公司的137系列传感器,设计了专门的适配电路,使其误差在2%以内,大大提高了测试精度。由于测试现场环境十分恶劣,为提高系统的通用性及可靠性,采用FPGA进行各逻辑电路的集成设计,主要包括AD转换器的时序控制、采样频率的可编程控制、触发控制器及地址发生器等。而单片机的主要任务是负责数据传输、电源管理与控制、整合秒脉冲上升沿与触发信号上升沿的时间差值。这种紧凑的设计减小了系统体积且降低系统功耗,并且设计的系统已在靶场环境下进行了静爆试验。表明该系统能满足冲击波的测试要求,具有很好的实用性和应用前景。
[Abstract]:Explosion shock wave is an important part of weapon damage effectiveness. Shock wave overpressure, positive pressure duration and impulse are the main parameters to evaluate the damage effectiveness of conventional weapons. Accurate measurement of the relevant parameters is of great significance for the evaluation and development of ammunition power. At present, shock wave testing is generally divided into ground overpressure test and free-field overpressure test. The former's action process is obviously disturbed by environmental factors, which results in a large error between the ground overpressure test results and the actual ammunition power evaluation. The free field overpressure test is completed under the condition that there are no obstacles or almost no influence, which can improve the accuracy of the measurement, so it is very important to study the shock wave measurement method of the explosion free field. In view of this, this paper completes the design of shock wave test system of explosion free field by using storage test principle, including system structure, working principle, software and hardware design, data processing method, etc. The system working independently has a unified time benchmark, which provides a reliable basis for data processing. In this paper, the advantages and disadvantages of different types of pressure sensors are compared at first. The 137 series sensors of PCB Company are selected, and a special adaptor circuit is designed to make the error within 2%, which greatly improves the testing accuracy. In order to improve the generality and reliability of the system, FPGA is used to design the integrated logic circuits, including the timing control of AD converter and the programmable control of sampling frequency. Trigger controller and address generator etc. The main tasks of SCM are data transmission, power management and control, integration of the time difference between the rise edge of second pulse and the rising edge of trigger signal. The compact design reduces the volume of the system and reduces the power consumption of the system, and the designed system has been tested in the firing range environment. It shows that the system can meet the requirements of shock wave testing and has good practicability and application prospect.
【学位授予单位】：中北大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TJ06;TP212;TP274

【参考文献】