新型功率车的恒功率控制系统研究

发布时间：2018-06-25 18:11

本文选题：功率车 + 直线往复　；参考：《中国科学技术大学》2016年硕士论文

【摘要】：随着现代经济的快速发展和人民生活质量的较大提升,人们对自己的身体健康越来越注重,作为锻炼活动的有效工具之一健身器材备受人们的青睐。功率车作为一种安全可靠的健身设备正在日益广泛地走进人们的生活,传统功率车存在功能单一以及恒定功率模式训练时系统阻尼不能随着运动进行适应性的调节等问题。本文针对目前市场室内智能健身器材的需求和传统功率车存在的缺点,研制了一种运动形式有别于传统功率车的新型智能化健身功率车系统。该系统具有功能全面、集健身娱乐于一身、友好的人机交互界面、占地面积小等优点,在恒定功率模式下使得测试者较为轻松地进行训练,能够很好地满足在家庭、健身房等室内场所中进行的有氧健身运动需求。本文主要研究的内容包括：(1)整机机械结构的设计。从结构可靠性、动力性能以及操控性等方面出发,合理选择材质,优化机构布局等,应用人体工学原理设计出符合人体形态的功率车结构模型,并进行了实验论证和实现。(2)智能功率车硬件电路设计与实现。包括脚蹬踏板压力测量单元、蹬踏速度信号采集单元、数据处理单元、通信单元(有线通信单元和无线通信单元)、励磁控制和负载控制单元、发电机输出频率测量单元以及发电机输出电压和输出电流测量单元等。(3)恒定功率控制软件开发。设计了友好的人机交互界面,其中上位机软件和下位机软件通过一定的协议进行数据通信,实现了很好的人机交互,并在计算机中进行测试数据的存储。(4)研究构建恒定功率训练模型。在设定固定的期望功率值后,系统通过前馈PID算法实时调节系统阻力,使得训练者在运动过程中始终达到并保持恒定功率值,从而实现了恒定功率训练模式。本论文主要创新点包括：(1)通过符合人体工学的踏步式传动机构设计实现安全、可靠的运动方式。从传统功率车结构来说,通常是通过曲柄做圆周运动,曲柄在圆周的上下停止点无法做功,且在上下停止点附近,实际有效分力很小,其实就是在做无用功。观察人体骑行运动,在上止点上,人们习惯不再用力,而是等待越过上止点在猛然用力,实际上,这是一种近于爆发力做功,对关节损伤较大。基于以上情况,系统将曲柄圆周运动,改为直线往复式蹬踏运动,实验证明,均匀的直线用力更有利于发挥人体功率潜能,快速消耗人体脂肪。(2)通过主动的励磁调节实现恒定功率训练模式。新型功率车通过PWM原理调节发电机输出负载和励磁电流大小,实现系统阻力大小的快速调节。通过实时调节系统阻力大小达到并保持设定的恒定功率,实现真正意义上的恒定功率训练模式。恒定功率模式的实现为心肺耐力测试的研究工作提供了准确、良好的平台,并为后续模拟各类游戏化场景提供了有力的技术依据。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of modern economy and the great improvement of people's quality of life, people pay more and more attention to their own health. As a kind of safe and reliable fitness equipment, power vehicle is widely used in people's life. The traditional power vehicle has the problems of single function and the system damping can not be adjusted adaptively with the movement during the training of constant power mode. Aiming at the demand of indoor intelligent fitness equipment and the shortcomings of traditional power vehicle, a new type of intelligent fitness power vehicle system is developed in this paper, which is different from the traditional power vehicle. The system has the advantages of comprehensive function, fitness and entertainment, friendly man-machine interface, small area and so on. In constant power mode, the tester can be easily trained and can be well satisfied in the home. Gymnasium and other indoor places for aerobic fitness needs. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) the design of mechanical structure. From the aspects of structural reliability, dynamic performance and maneuverability, reasonable selection of material, optimization of mechanism layout, and application of ergonomics principle to design the structure model of power vehicle in accordance with human body shape, The experiment is demonstrated and realized. (2) the hardware circuit of intelligent power vehicle is designed and implemented. Including pedal pressure measurement unit, pedal speed signal acquisition unit, data processing unit, communication unit (wired communication unit and wireless communication unit), excitation control and load control unit, Generator output frequency measurement unit and generator output voltage and output current measurement unit etc. (3) constant power control software development. A friendly man-machine interface is designed, in which the upper computer software and the lower computer software communicate with each other through a certain protocol, which realizes a good human-computer interaction. The test data is stored in the computer. (4) A constant power training model is constructed. After the fixed expected power value is set, the system adjusts the system resistance by feedforward pid algorithm in real time, which makes the trainer always achieve and maintain the constant power value during the course of movement, thus realizing the constant power training mode. The main innovations of this paper are as follows: (1) the safe and reliable movement mode is realized through the design of stepping transmission mechanism which accords with ergonomics. From the traditional power car structure, it is usually through the crank to do circular motion, the crank can not do work at the upper and lower stop point of the circle, and near the upper and lower stop point, the actual effective force is very small, in fact, it is doing no work. Observing the human body cycling movement, people are used to stop exerting at the upper stop point, but to wait for the sudden force to cross the stop point. In fact, this is a kind of work near the explosive force, which has great damage to the joint. Based on the above situation, the system changed the crank circular motion to the linear reciprocating pedal movement. The experiment shows that the uniform linear force is more beneficial to the exertion of human power potential. Fast consumption of human fat. (2) through active excitation adjustment to achieve constant power training mode. The new type of power vehicle adjusts the output load and excitation current of the generator by PWM principle, and realizes the fast adjustment of the resistance of the system. The real constant power training mode is realized by adjusting the resistance of the system in real time to achieve and maintain the set constant power. The realization of constant power mode provides an accurate and good platform for the research of cardiopulmonary endurance test, and provides a powerful technical basis for the subsequent simulation of all kinds of gameplay scenes.
【学位授予单位】：中国科学技术大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：TS952.91;TP273

【相似文献】