基于FPGA的多通道声发射同步数据采集系统研究与应用

发布时间：2018-07-07 09:15

本文选题：声发射 + 数据采集　；参考：《山东大学》2017年硕士论文

【摘要】：铝合金材料由于其优异的性能应用广泛,但在使用过程中随着时间的推移结构会产生一定的疲劳损伤,对其进行结构健康监测尤为重要。目前,传统的无损检测方法是在静态环境下对铝合金结构进行离线检测,无法实现在线检测,尤其是对高速运行中的铝合金结构。声发射技术具有对活动性缺陷敏感、可对大型结构快速整体检测等优点,将其应用于铝合金损伤监测领域是较好的选择。但声发射技术所需的数据采集系统还不理想,本文研究设计了一套基于FPGA的声发射数据采集系统,该系统具有多通道、高采样率、高速传输速率等特点,具体工作如下:1、依据当前国内外声发射数据采集系统的研究现状,开发设计了基于FPGA的多通道声发射同步数据采集系统,把FPGA作为该系统的控制、处理核心,通过高速AD模块实现数据的采集与模数转换,并将采集到的数据传输至FPGA,在FPGA内进行数据缓存及相关处理后,通过USB接口技术实现FPGA与上位机端的高速数据通信。2、本文分为硬件设计和软件设计两部分,提出了高速数据采集系统的设计方案。硬件设计包括各器件的选型、原理分析、外围电路设计及PCB设计,软件设计包括FPGA的逻辑设计与仿真测试及基于LabVIEW的上位机软件的编写。3、实现了 AD7616模块的数据采集功能,实现了 CY7C68013A工作于Slave-FIFO模式下FPGA与上位机端的USB数据通信功能,实现了声发射数据在PC端实时的波形显示及数据存储功能。4、最后通过搭建硬件测试平台,完成系统软硬件联调工作,通过数据采集功能测试实验与声发射信号采集实验,结果表明该系统是适用的,达到了预想的效果。本文的研究工作为声发射技术在铝合金损伤检测应用方面提供了有力的支持,该系统在声发射检测及其相关领域有着广泛的应用前景。
[Abstract]:Aluminum alloy materials are widely used because of their excellent properties, but in the process of application, fatigue damage will occur with the passage of time, so it is very important to monitor the structure health. At present, the traditional nondestructive testing method is to carry out off-line inspection of aluminum alloy structure under static environment, which can not realize on-line inspection, especially for aluminum alloy structure in high-speed operation. Acoustic emission (AE) technology is sensitive to active defects and can be used for rapid whole detection of large structures. It is a good choice to apply it to the field of aluminum alloy damage monitoring. However, the data acquisition system for acoustic emission technology is not ideal. In this paper, an acoustic emission data acquisition system based on FPGA is designed. The system has the characteristics of multi-channel, high sampling rate, high transmission rate and so on. The specific work is as follows: 1. According to the current research situation of acoustic emission data acquisition system at home and abroad, a multi-channel acoustic emission synchronous data acquisition system based on FPGA is developed and designed. FPGA is regarded as the control and processing core of the system. The data acquisition and analog-to-digital conversion are realized by high-speed AD module, and the collected data are transmitted to FPGA. After the data cache and related processing are carried out in FPGA, The high speed data communication between FPGA and host computer is realized by USB interface technology. This paper is divided into two parts: hardware design and software design. The design scheme of high speed data acquisition system is put forward. The hardware design includes the selection of each device, principle analysis, peripheral circuit design and PCB design. The software design includes the logic design and simulation test of FPGA and the programming of upper computer software based on LabVIEW. The AD7616 module data acquisition function is realized. The USB data communication function between FPGA and upper computer in Slave-FIFO mode is realized. The real-time waveform display and data storage function of acoustic emission data in PC is realized. Finally, the hardware test platform is built. Through the data acquisition function test and the acoustic emission signal acquisition experiment, the results show that the system is applicable and achieves the desired effect. The research work in this paper provides a powerful support for the application of acoustic emission technology in aluminum alloy damage detection. The system has a wide application prospect in acoustic emission detection and its related fields.
【学位授予单位】：山东大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TN791;TP274.2

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