光纤光栅压力传感器与智能检测系统研究

发布时间：2018-07-21 10:34

【摘要】：随着光纤传感器应用的不断扩大,对高灵敏度光纤Bragg光栅压力传感器的需求越来越明显。但是各生产传感器的厂家的生产能力,以及传感器设计能力,还有生产对于工艺以及对应的质量等却是参差不齐,如何选择符合检测标定规程要求的光纤传感仪表是急需解决的问题。压力传感器的检测已经成为一项重要的指标。随着现代化脚步的加快,工业生产不断紧凑,高压变压器、高压开关柜等一次设备,变电站内建筑物、电力塔架等中的应用,对其物理量参数测量的准确性,将会对监测系统故障诊断带来直接的影响。压力传感器主要是利用光纤的波长对温度、应变的敏感特性研制出的新一代光纤传感器,而且传感器具有能多点分布检测、抗电磁干扰、长期稳定性、精度高等特点,因此已经在电力工业、智能材料的性能检测、混凝土的结构监测等领域有了广泛的应用。与过去的光纤传感器比较的话,不难发现波长调制类型号的光纤光栅传感器显然具备着传统类型的光纤传感器所不曾拥有的独特之处。本文对压力传感器智能检定系统及其在压力测试实验方面的应用进行了深入研究,研制出一种新式压力传感器智能检定系统,并对其功能的智能化、软硬件方面的配置全方位的进行了设计。该传感器具有准确的重复性、灵敏度和线性度,同时利用光纤布拉格光栅解调器对光栅的布拉格波长漂移进行了检测,实验结果与理论值基本一致。本文主要研究内容如下:(1)本文主要介绍了光纤光栅的基本结构以及相关理论,然后对光纤Bragg光栅的应变、应力、温度传感相关特性进行了全面的分析,同时再分析了应变、温度交叉在现实应用中,所出现的敏感问题所采取的解决方法,设计光纤光栅压力传感器的结构,推导压力传感器的数学模型,为后面光纤智能压力检定实验提供理论依据。(2)建立一个光纤布拉格光栅压力传感器的智能校准系统的测试环境,压力传感器的硬件设计、软件体系结构设计、数据库设计、智能压力检测系统的开发,对压力传感器的数据计算、存储、打印检测报告。(3)基于光纤布拉格光栅压力传感器的实验数据,通过相关公式可以计算出灵敏度、线性度、重复性误差和静态指标,然后对计算结果进行误差分析,并在实验中进行误差分析。
[Abstract]:With the increasing application of fiber optic sensors, the demand for high sensitivity fiber Bragg grating pressure sensors is becoming more and more obvious. However, the production capacity of the manufacturers that produce the sensors, as well as their sensor design capabilities, as well as the production capacity for the process and the corresponding quality, are uneven. How to select the optical fiber sensor which meets the requirements of inspection and calibration rules is an urgent problem to be solved. Pressure sensor detection has become an important indicator. With the quickening pace of modernization, the industrial production is becoming more and more compact, the accuracy of measuring the physical parameters of the primary equipment, such as high-voltage transformers, high-voltage switchgear, buildings in substations, power towers, etc., It will have a direct effect on fault diagnosis of monitoring system. The pressure sensor is a new generation of optical fiber sensor, which is mainly developed by using the sensitivity of optical fiber wavelength to temperature and strain. Moreover, the sensor has the characteristics of multi-point distribution detection of energy, resistance to electromagnetic interference, long-term stability, high precision and so on. Therefore, it has been widely used in power industry, intelligent material performance testing, concrete structure monitoring and other fields. Compared with the previous fiber optic sensors, it is not difficult to find that the wavelength modulation type fiber grating sensors are obviously unique than the traditional type of fiber optic sensors. In this paper, the intelligent verification system of pressure sensor and its application in pressure test experiment are deeply studied. A new type of intelligent verification system for pressure sensor is developed, and its function is intelligentized. Hardware and software configuration of the overall design. The sensor has accurate repeatability, sensitivity and linearity. At the same time, the Bragg wavelength drift of the grating is detected by fiber Bragg grating demodulator. The experimental results are in good agreement with the theoretical values. The main contents of this paper are as follows: (1) the basic structure and related theory of fiber Bragg grating are introduced in this paper. Then the strain, stress and temperature sensing characteristics of fiber Bragg grating are analyzed comprehensively, and the strain is also analyzed. In the practical application of temperature crossover, the solution to the sensitive problem, the structure of fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor and the mathematical model of the pressure sensor are designed. It provides the theoretical basis for the experiment of optical fiber intelligent pressure verification. (2) the test environment of an intelligent calibration system for fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor, the hardware design of pressure sensor, the design of software architecture, the design of database, The development of intelligent pressure detection system, the calculation, storage and printing of the pressure sensor data. (3) based on the experimental data of fiber Bragg grating pressure sensor, the sensitivity, linearity can be calculated through the relevant formulas. The repeatability error and static index are analyzed, and the error analysis is carried out in the experiment.
【学位授予单位】：昆明理工大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP212

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