西安某办公建筑中央空调系统负荷预测与优化控制

发布时间：2018-07-27 15:36

【摘要】：随着城市建设与现代化的快速发展,办公建筑越来越多,其带来的建筑能耗也与日俱增。在办公建筑能耗中,据统计中央空调系统的能耗占40%以上,因此,降低中央空调系统的运行能耗是办公建筑节能的一个关键因素。文中针对西安地区某办公建筑中央空调系统的负荷预测与优化控制进行了研究,为取得更好地节能效果打下基础。首先,分析了办公建筑的能耗特点以及节能的重要性,突出了中央空调系统节能的必要性;其次,针对影响中央空调系统负荷的各因素进行了分析,以西安地区夏季某办公建筑的中央空调系统为研究对象,利用回归分析、最小二乘法建立该中央空调系统负荷预测模型,利用自适应权重粒子群算法对模型的参数进行优化,根据该建筑内某个空调房间一周的空调负荷数据进行模型验证;最后,针对该办公建筑中央空调系统当前PID控制方法存在调节时间长和超调量大的问题,建立变流量中央空调冷冻水系统数学模型,根据预测得到所需负荷来调节冷冻水的流量,采用自适应模糊PID控制的方法对冷冻水系统进行优化控制。通过Simulink软件针对PID、模糊PID和自适应模糊PID三种控制算法对冷冻水系统的控制效果进行仿真,对比不同算法控制效果的适用性及有效性。结果表明:文中提出的空调负荷预测方法有良好的预测精度,误差在5%以内,能够有效的预测该办公建筑的中央空调系统负荷。对中央空调冷冻水系统采用自适应模糊PID控制算法,经过仿真,超调量为4.7%,调节时间为87s,系统具有快速性和稳定性,为办公建筑中央空调系统的优化控制提供了依据。
[Abstract]:With the rapid development of urban construction and modernization, more and more office buildings, the building energy consumption is also increasing. According to statistics, the energy consumption of central air conditioning system accounts for more than 40% of the energy consumption of office buildings. Therefore, reducing the energy consumption of central air conditioning system is a key factor for office buildings to save energy. In this paper, the load forecasting and optimization control of central air conditioning system in a certain office building in Xi'an area is studied, which lays a foundation for achieving better energy saving effect. Firstly, the characteristics of energy consumption and the importance of energy saving in office buildings are analyzed, and the necessity of energy saving in central air conditioning system is highlighted. Secondly, the factors affecting the load of central air conditioning system are analyzed. Taking the central air conditioning system of a certain office building in Xi'an area in summer as the research object, the load forecasting model of the central air conditioning system is established by regression analysis and least square method, and the parameters of the model are optimized by using adaptive weight particle swarm optimization algorithm. According to the air conditioning load data of one air conditioning room in the building, the model is verified. Finally, the PID control method of the central air conditioning system in the office building has the problems of long adjustment time and large overshoot. A mathematical model of variable flow central air conditioning refrigeration water system is established. According to the prediction of the required load, the flow rate of frozen water is adjusted, and an adaptive fuzzy PID control method is adopted to optimize the control of the system. The control effect of frozen water system is simulated by three control algorithms of Simulink, fuzzy PID and adaptive fuzzy PID, and the applicability and effectiveness of different algorithms are compared. The results show that the method proposed in this paper has good forecasting accuracy and the error is less than 5%, which can effectively predict the central air conditioning system load of the office building. An adaptive fuzzy PID control algorithm is applied to the central air conditioning chilled water system. The simulation results show that the overshoot is 4.7 and the adjustment time is 87 s. The system is fast and stable, which provides the basis for the optimization control of the central air conditioning system in office buildings.
【学位授予单位】：西安建筑科技大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TU831.2;TP273

【参考文献】