基于功能性纳米材料的电化学发光免疫传感器构建及应用

发布时间：2018-08-03 11:04

【摘要】：电化学发光免疫分析是电化学发光和免疫分析两者相结合的产物。电化学发光免疫分析具有特异性强、灵敏度高、线性范围宽、检测快速等优点。目前,新型功能性纳米材料在电化学免疫分析领域中的应用最近引起了广泛地关注,为电化学发光的研究和发展开辟了一条新道路。新型功能性纳米材料在电化学发光免疫传感器中主要作为生物分子的固载基质、传感器界面的修饰材料以及信号标记物等。本论文以石墨烯和胶体金两种功能性纳米材料分别来富集固载量子点和标记辣根过氧化酶,构建超灵敏的电化学发光免疫传感器检测汞离子;以胶体金功能化的Zn O纳米棒作为包被抗原的固载基质,以PAMAM-石墨烯标记量子点作为信号标记物,构建灵敏的免疫传感器检测食品中溴布特罗残留;利用共沉淀的方法制备超顺磁性的Fe3O4纳米材料并对传感器界面进行修饰。本论文主要包括四个方面内容:1.阐述了论文的背景和意义,主要介绍了电化学发光的机理和功能性纳米材料在电化学发光传感器中的应用,电化学免疫传感器在实际生活中的应用等。2.合成PDDA功能化的石墨烯,石墨烯-量子点复合材料以及胶体金标记辣根过氧化酶,借助紫外可见光谱和高分辨透射电镜进行表征。将上述功能性材料进行组装构建了超灵敏的电化学免疫传感器,并用于检测汞离子。本方法最低检出限为0.06ng/mL,具有良好的重现性及稳定性。3.胶体金功能化的Zn O纳米棒通过静电作用固定在电极表面,作为固载基质,提供了更大的比表面积固定包被抗原,利用抗原与抗体之间的特异性结合将发光体标记物连接到传感器表面,建立了超灵敏检测溴布特罗的免疫传感器。ZnO纳米棒和PAMAM-石墨烯新型功能性材料提高了传感器的灵敏度,丰富了以纳米粒子为基础的电化学发光免疫分析方法的应用。4.共沉淀法制备超顺磁Fe3O4纳米颗粒,可以催化H2O2分解,实现电化学发光信号的猝灭。这是首次利用Fe3O4纳米颗粒催化分解量子点发光共反应剂H2O2,拟建立新猝灭型电化学发光免疫传感器。
[Abstract]:Electrochemical luminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) is a combination of electrochemical luminescence and immunoassay. Electrochemiluminescence immunoassay has the advantages of high specificity, high sensitivity, wide linear range and rapid detection. At present, the application of new functional nanomaterials in electrochemical immunoassay has attracted extensive attention, which opens a new way for the research and development of electrochemiluminescence (ECL). Novel functional nanomaterials are mainly used as biomoluminescent matrix, interface modification materials and signal markers in electrochemiluminescence immunosensors. In this thesis, graphene and colloidal gold were used to enrich quantum dots and label horseradish peroxidase, respectively, and a sensitive electrochemiluminescence immunosensor was constructed to detect mercury ions. A sensitive immunosensor for the detection of bromobuterol residues in food was constructed by using colloidal gold functionalized ZnO nanorods as the immobilized matrix coated with antigens and PAMAM- graphene labeled quantum dots as signal markers. Superparamagnetic Fe3O4 nanomaterials were prepared by coprecipitation and the interface of the sensor was modified. This thesis mainly includes four aspects: 1. The background and significance of this paper are described. The mechanism of electrochemical luminescence, the application of functional nano-materials in electroluminescent sensors, and the application of electrochemical immunosensors in real life are introduced. PDDA functionalized graphene, graphene quantum dot composites and colloidal gold labeled horseradish peroxidase were synthesized and characterized by UV-Vis spectra and high resolution transmission electron microscopy. The functional materials were assembled to form an electrochemical immunosensor for the detection of mercury ions. The minimum detection limit of this method is 0.06 ng / mL, which has good reproducibility and stability. The colloidal gold functionalized ZnO nanorods were immobilized on the electrode surface by electrostatic action, which provided a larger specific surface area fixed coating antigen. Using the specific binding between antigen and antibody, the luminescent marker was connected to the surface of the sensor, and the sensitivity of the sensor was improved by using the immunosensor. ZnO nanorods and PAMAM- graphene new functional materials for the detection of bromobuterol. It enriches the application of electrochemiluminescence immunoassay based on nanoparticles. Superparamagnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles prepared by coprecipitation can catalyze the decomposition of H2O2 and quench the electrochemiluminescence signal. This is the first time that Fe3O4 nanoparticles are used to catalyze the decomposition of quantum dot luminescent co-reactant H _ 2O _ 2 and a new quenched electrochemical luminescent immunosensor is proposed.
【学位授予单位】：苏州大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2016
【分类号】：O657.1;TP212

【相似文献】