基于皮拉尼效应的两级量程压力传感器
发布时间：2018-08-29 17:04
【摘要】：高空气象观测主要观测大气层中从地面至3万米高度间不同高度上的温度、湿度、气压、风速等气象数据。气压作为高空气象探测的基本要素之一,其准确性直接影响到气候系统分析和预报结果。对于高空探测气压传感器,其特点是测量量程宽,需要满足常压到极低压(1OhPa)的测量。本文设计了一种基于皮拉尼效应的两级量程压力传感器,其中,针对10hPa～300hPa压力测量,设计了基于皮拉尼效应的低量程压力传感器,为提高测量精度,提出了将加热元件和测温元件分开并映射一个参考腔的双腔体结构探头设计方案,利用CFD计算流体动力学方法对该传感器探头进行了流-固耦合传热分析。本文选用32位低功耗ARM处理器STM32F103作为主控芯片,PT100作为温度测量传感器,配合高精度模数转换器AD77944和恒功率加热控制电路等组件,实现高精度测量。针对300hPa～1100hPa压力测量,采用4个高精度数字气压传感器BMP180构成测量阵列,减小因传感器蠕变导致的系统误差,提高了对常气压探测的容错性和互补性。软件算法补偿方面,本文采用遗传算法实现对低量程压力传感器在-20℃～40℃范围内的温度补偿修正。为便于数据采集,本文开发了基于C#的配套上位机软件。实验结果表明,在1OhPa～300hPa测量范围内,该传感器读数精度优于10%,分辨率为0.1hpa。
[Abstract]:High-altitude meteorological observations mainly observe the temperature, humidity, air pressure, wind speed and other meteorological data in the atmosphere at different altitudes from the ground to 30,000 meters. As one of the basic elements of high-altitude meteorological detection, the accuracy of atmospheric pressure directly affects the analysis and forecast results of climate system. For the high-altitude pressure sensor, it is characterized by a wide measuring range, which needs to meet the atmospheric pressure to very low pressure (1OhPa) measurement. In this paper, a two-stage pressure sensor based on Pilani effect is designed. For 10hPa~300hPa pressure measurement, a low range pressure sensor based on Pilani effect is designed. This paper presents a design scheme of a dual-cavity probe which separates the heating element from the thermometer element and maps a reference cavity. The fluid-solid coupling heat transfer analysis of the probe is carried out by using the CFD computational fluid dynamics method. In this paper, a 32-bit low-power ARM processor, STM32F103, is chosen as the main control chip for temperature measurement, and a high precision measurement is realized with the combination of high-precision analog-to-digital converter (AD77944) and constant power heating control circuit. For 300hPa~1100hPa pressure measurement, four high precision digital pressure sensors (BMP180) are used to form the measurement array, which reduces the systematic error caused by the creep of the sensor, and improves the fault tolerance and complementarity of the atmospheric pressure detection. In the aspect of software algorithm compensation, this paper uses genetic algorithm to realize the temperature compensation correction of low range pressure sensor in the range of -20 鈩，
本文编号：2211846
[Abstract]:High-altitude meteorological observations mainly observe the temperature, humidity, air pressure, wind speed and other meteorological data in the atmosphere at different altitudes from the ground to 30,000 meters. As one of the basic elements of high-altitude meteorological detection, the accuracy of atmospheric pressure directly affects the analysis and forecast results of climate system. For the high-altitude pressure sensor, it is characterized by a wide measuring range, which needs to meet the atmospheric pressure to very low pressure (1OhPa) measurement. In this paper, a two-stage pressure sensor based on Pilani effect is designed. For 10hPa~300hPa pressure measurement, a low range pressure sensor based on Pilani effect is designed. This paper presents a design scheme of a dual-cavity probe which separates the heating element from the thermometer element and maps a reference cavity. The fluid-solid coupling heat transfer analysis of the probe is carried out by using the CFD computational fluid dynamics method. In this paper, a 32-bit low-power ARM processor, STM32F103, is chosen as the main control chip for temperature measurement, and a high precision measurement is realized with the combination of high-precision analog-to-digital converter (AD77944) and constant power heating control circuit. For 300hPa~1100hPa pressure measurement, four high precision digital pressure sensors (BMP180) are used to form the measurement array, which reduces the systematic error caused by the creep of the sensor, and improves the fault tolerance and complementarity of the atmospheric pressure detection. In the aspect of software algorithm compensation, this paper uses genetic algorithm to realize the temperature compensation correction of low range pressure sensor in the range of -20 鈩，
本文编号：2211846
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