基于热电能量采集的工业无线传感器网络的研究
发布时间：2018-11-27 07:15
【摘要】：无线传感器网络以其低成本、自组织、便于安装等优点,被广泛应用于环境监测、建筑安全监测等领域,并开始向工业领域渗透。与传统的有线系统相比,利用工业无线传感器网络(Industrial wireless sensor networks,IWSNs)所构建的设备状态监测系统具有成本较低、安装方便等优点。但是,目前IWSNs节点多采用电池供电,电池容量和节点寿命有限。频繁更换电池将大大增加系统维护工作量,这已成为制约IWSNs推广应用的关键因素。利用能量采集(Energy Harvesting)技术,将环境中其他形式的能量,如热能、振动等,转化为电能供节点使用,是近年来提出的解决IWSNs节点供电问题的一种新方法。该领域的研究具有重要理论和实际应用价值。考虑到电厂等大型工业企业现场存在大量热壁,能为热电能量采集提供了充足的热源,本论文主要研究基于热电能量采集的IWSNs。论文的具体工作如下:1.在了解和分析热电模块工作原理和内部参数特性的基础上,选取TGM-287-1.0-1.3热电模块为研究对象,在有限元软件上建立了热电模块模型,并进行了仿真实验。仿真分析了热电模块在不同冷热端温差条件下,固定温差不同负载电阻条件下,以及加装散热片后的输出特性。2.针对实际应用中,热电模块冷热端温差较小,输出电压、功率不高且易波动的特点,设计开发了为IWSNs节点供电的新颖热电能量采集系统。该系统包括热电能量收集装置和电能转换电路两部分。热电能量收集装置主要由热电模块、隔热材料、铜制散热片以及辅助器件组成。电能转换电路主要由升压电路、超级电容、降压电路等组成。3.设计开发了基于热电能量采集的自供电IWSNs热壁温度监测系统。该系统主要包括终端节点,协调节点和上位机。终端节点是由K型热电偶,放大电路,Jennic JN5139模块等组成。终端节点测到的热壁温度,经协调节点上传至上位机显示。4.设计搭建了相应的实验平台,并对所研发的基于热电能量采集的自供电IWSNs热壁温度监测系统进行了大量测试验证工作。实验结果表明所设计系统达到了预期要求。当热壁温度为67oC、室内温度为19oC,终端节点采样间隔为16s时,热电能量采集系统收集的能量与IWSNs终端节点消耗的能量可达到平衡,实现IWSNs节点的自供电。
[Abstract]:Wireless sensor networks (WSN) have been widely used in environmental monitoring, building safety monitoring and other fields because of its advantages of low cost, self-organization and easy installation, and began to infiltrate into the industrial field. Compared with the traditional wired system, the equipment condition monitoring system based on industrial wireless sensor network (Industrial wireless sensor networks,IWSNs) has the advantages of low cost and convenient installation. However, at present, most IWSNs nodes are powered by battery, and the battery capacity and node life are limited. Frequent battery replacement will greatly increase the workload of system maintenance, which has become a key factor restricting the popularization and application of IWSNs. It is a new method to solve the power supply problem of IWSNs nodes to convert other forms of energy, such as heat energy, vibration and so on, into electric energy to be used by nodes by using (Energy Harvesting) technology of energy acquisition in recent years. The research in this field has important theoretical and practical application value. Considering that there are a large number of hot walls in power plants and other large industrial enterprises, which can provide sufficient heat source for thermoelectric energy collection, this paper mainly studies IWSNs. based on thermoelectric energy acquisition. The specific work of the thesis is as follows: 1. On the basis of understanding and analyzing the working principle and internal parameter characteristics of the thermoelectric module, the thermoelectric module of TGM-287-1.0-1.3 is selected as the research object, the model of the thermoelectric module is established on the finite element software, and the simulation experiment is carried out. The output characteristics of the thermoelectric module under the conditions of different temperature difference between cold and hot ends, different load resistance of fixed temperature difference, and the addition of heat sink are simulated and analyzed. 2. In view of the characteristics of small temperature difference, low output voltage, low power and easy to fluctuate in practical application, a novel thermoelectric energy acquisition system for IWSNs node is designed and developed. The system includes thermoelectric energy collection device and power conversion circuit. Thermoelectric energy collection device is mainly composed of thermoelectric module, heat insulation material, copper radiator and auxiliary device. Power conversion circuit is mainly composed of boost circuit, super capacitor, step-down circuit and so on. 3. A self-powered IWSNs hot wall temperature monitoring system based on thermoelectric energy acquisition is designed and developed. The system mainly includes terminal node, coordination node and host computer. Terminal node is composed of K-type thermocouple, amplifier circuit, Jennic JN5139 module and so on. Terminal node to measure the hot wall temperature, after the coordinated node upload to the host computer display. 4. A corresponding experimental platform was designed and built, and a lot of testing and verification work was carried out on the self-powered IWSNs hot-wall temperature monitoring system based on thermoelectric energy acquisition. The experimental results show that the designed system meets the expected requirements. When the hot wall temperature is 67oC, the indoor temperature is 19oC and the sampling interval of terminal node is 16s, the energy collected by thermoelectric energy acquisition system can be balanced with the energy consumed by IWSNs terminal node, and the self-power supply of IWSNs node can be realized.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP212.9;TN929.5
本文编号：2359829
[Abstract]:Wireless sensor networks (WSN) have been widely used in environmental monitoring, building safety monitoring and other fields because of its advantages of low cost, self-organization and easy installation, and began to infiltrate into the industrial field. Compared with the traditional wired system, the equipment condition monitoring system based on industrial wireless sensor network (Industrial wireless sensor networks,IWSNs) has the advantages of low cost and convenient installation. However, at present, most IWSNs nodes are powered by battery, and the battery capacity and node life are limited. Frequent battery replacement will greatly increase the workload of system maintenance, which has become a key factor restricting the popularization and application of IWSNs. It is a new method to solve the power supply problem of IWSNs nodes to convert other forms of energy, such as heat energy, vibration and so on, into electric energy to be used by nodes by using (Energy Harvesting) technology of energy acquisition in recent years. The research in this field has important theoretical and practical application value. Considering that there are a large number of hot walls in power plants and other large industrial enterprises, which can provide sufficient heat source for thermoelectric energy collection, this paper mainly studies IWSNs. based on thermoelectric energy acquisition. The specific work of the thesis is as follows: 1. On the basis of understanding and analyzing the working principle and internal parameter characteristics of the thermoelectric module, the thermoelectric module of TGM-287-1.0-1.3 is selected as the research object, the model of the thermoelectric module is established on the finite element software, and the simulation experiment is carried out. The output characteristics of the thermoelectric module under the conditions of different temperature difference between cold and hot ends, different load resistance of fixed temperature difference, and the addition of heat sink are simulated and analyzed. 2. In view of the characteristics of small temperature difference, low output voltage, low power and easy to fluctuate in practical application, a novel thermoelectric energy acquisition system for IWSNs node is designed and developed. The system includes thermoelectric energy collection device and power conversion circuit. Thermoelectric energy collection device is mainly composed of thermoelectric module, heat insulation material, copper radiator and auxiliary device. Power conversion circuit is mainly composed of boost circuit, super capacitor, step-down circuit and so on. 3. A self-powered IWSNs hot wall temperature monitoring system based on thermoelectric energy acquisition is designed and developed. The system mainly includes terminal node, coordination node and host computer. Terminal node is composed of K-type thermocouple, amplifier circuit, Jennic JN5139 module and so on. Terminal node to measure the hot wall temperature, after the coordinated node upload to the host computer display. 4. A corresponding experimental platform was designed and built, and a lot of testing and verification work was carried out on the self-powered IWSNs hot-wall temperature monitoring system based on thermoelectric energy acquisition. The experimental results show that the designed system meets the expected requirements. When the hot wall temperature is 67oC, the indoor temperature is 19oC and the sampling interval of terminal node is 16s, the energy collected by thermoelectric energy acquisition system can be balanced with the energy consumed by IWSNs terminal node, and the self-power supply of IWSNs node can be realized.
【学位授予单位】：华北电力大学
【学位级别】：硕士
【学位授予年份】：2017
【分类号】：TP212.9;TN929.5
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